生物信息学资源检索与利用2015CDCv3PPT.pptx

生物信息学资源检索与利用李姣 mailto:li.jiao@li.jiao@ 中国医学科学院医学信息研究所2015年4月内 容1、生物信息学内涵2、生物信息学资源核酸序列数据库单核苷酸多态性数据库基因表达数据库蛋白质数据库生物分子网络数据库3、生物信息学在疾病研究中的应用什么是生物信息学？生物信息学(Bioinformatics)定义：生物信息学是一门交叉学科，它包含了生物信息的获取、加工、存储、分配、分析、解释等在内的所有方面，它综合运用数学、计算机科学和生物学的各种工具来阐明和理解大量数据所包含的生物学意义。— 人类基因组计划总结报告，1995年 HiSeq X Ten3 days~16 genomes, one technician, ~$1,000$1,000Adapted from /About TCGAThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) began as a three-year pilot in 2006 with an investment of $50 million each from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI). The TCGA pilot project confirmed that an atlas of changes could be created for specific cancer types. It also showed that a national network of research and technology teams working on distinct but related projects could pool the results of their efforts, create an economy of scale and develop an infrastructure for making the data publicly accessible. Importantly, it proved that making the data freely available would enable researchers anywhere around the world to make and validate important discoveries. The success of the pilot led the National Institutes of Health to commit major resources to TCGA to collect and characterize more than 20 additional tumor types./// TCGA 数据的收集、共享与利用实施过程[1]/display/TCGA/The+Cancer+Genome+AtlasThe precision medicine initiative by NIH精准医学是根据病人的基因组，环境和生活习惯来选择最佳的个体化治疗方案，精准医学是个体化医学的发展和延伸。奥巴马在2015年国情询文中将精准医学作为美国优先支持的几个目标之一，并将投入2.15亿美金。精准医学的目标是癌症，长期的目标是拓展到心血管疾病，老年性疾病等领域。“Tonight, Im launching a new Precision Medicine Initiative to bring us closer to curing diseases like cancer and diabetes — and to give all of us access to the personalized information we need to keep ourselves and our families healthier.” — President Barack Obama, State of the Union Address, January 20, 2015N Engl J Med. 2015 Feb 26;372(9):793-5Nature Reviews Drug DiscoveryVolume:14,Page:155Year published:(2015)DOI:doi:10.1038/nrd4569Nature Reviews Drug DiscoveryVolume:14,Page:155Year published:(2015)DOI:doi:10.1038/nrd