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- 2018-06-09 发布于浙江
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5 对冲基金
对冲基金(Hedge Fund)
基础
内容
• 对冲基金的特点
• 对冲基金的收益特征
• 对冲基金的分类
• 适应性预期假说
2
什么是对冲基金?
• 对冲基金或称另类投资(alternative investments ),是金融服务行业中发
展最快的部门之一,目前全球对冲基金的资产超过1万亿美元。
• 它们以“高回报”投资闻名,并且,很多时候这种业绩具有低的波动率
(volatility )。
• 大多数对冲基金是通过同时持有证券的多头和空头头寸——这是“对冲”
这个称呼的由来——来实现这一点的,同时持有多头头寸和空头头寸提
供了一定程度的“市场中性(market neutrality )”。
• 对冲基金一直是基金会、大投资者的领地,现在它也吸引了机构投资者,
例如州和公司养老金、保险公司和大学捐赠基金。
• 对冲基金不像股票和债券那样定义清晰,它是一个混合的资产族,其中
包括了商品期货、可转换债券套利(convertible bond arbitrage )、新兴
市场股票、统计套利(statistical arbitrage )、外汇投机以及其它许多投
资风格。
3
1. 对冲基金的特点
• Regulation监管
– Exempt from rigorous regulation;
– SEC has proposed to require registration of hedge funds;
• Taxation税收
– Tax-free Havens: BVI, Cayman, Barbados, Bermuda,
etc.
4
Characteristics (cont’d)
• Use of Leverage 杠杆
– Common use of leverage to carry long and short position;
– Most use leverage of two times or less;
• Incentive Fees收费
– Substantial management fees;
– 15-25% of fund profits as incentive fees;
• Lockup Commitments锁定期
– No redemption for one or more years.
5
Fee Structure of Hedge Funds
• A hedge fund manager will typically receive both a management fee and a
performance fee (incentive fee) 2 and 20
• Management Fee管理费
– Usually 1-2% of assets under management;
– Charged annually or monthly.
• Incentive Fee激励费
– 15-25% of fund profits;
– Hurdle rate: return threshold must be attained before incentive Fees;
– Look-back provision: managers refund incentive fees if funds experience
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