血液治疗医学.pptVIP

Blood volume in neonates is 85 ml/kg, in children 75 ml/kg and in adults 65 ml/kg. Blood loss may be replaced with whole blood components of whole blood can be separated into its coraponents including:Packed red cells, Fresh plasma, Fresh-frozen plasma, platelet-rich plasma,platelet concentrate, Cryoprecipitate. Fresh-frozen plasma contains all the clotting elements except platelets. 血容量在新生儿为85ml/kg，儿童为75ml/kg，成人为65ml/kg。失血可补充全血或其组成成分。全血可分离成的组成部分包括：浓缩红细胞，新鲜血浆，新鲜冷冻血浆，富含血小板血浆，浓缩血小板，冷沉淀物。新鲜冷冻血浆含有除血小板以外的所有凝血因子。 refrigerated [r?fr?d??re?t?d] v. 冷藏( refrigerate的过去式和过去分词 )； 冷冻 Hypothermia [?ha?p??θ?:rmi?] n. 低体温 arrhythmia [?r?θm?r] n. 心律失常，心律不齐 Stored, refrigerated blood or packed red cells is administered to surgical patients to improve the O2-carrying capacity of the patient’s blood and to maintain the circulating blood volume. Hypthermia caused by rapid transfusion of a massive amount of cold stored blood in a short period of time may cause serious cardiac arrhythmias. To prevent this, the transfused blood should be passed through a warmer. 冷冻保存的血液或浓缩红细胞输给外科手术病人，用以增加病人血液的携氧能力及维持其循环血量。由于短时间内快速输入大量冷冻储存血引起的低体温可能导致严重心律失常，为预防这一影响，所输血液应通过加温器。 Massive blood transfusion is defined an transfusion of half a patient’s blood volume within an hour ,or one or more times the blood volume in a 24-hour period.Changes in blood during storage become an important consideration when massive blood transfusion are administered. 大量输血的定义为在1小时内输血量达病人血容量的一半或在24小时期间输血量达其血容量的1倍或2倍，当大量输血时，血液在贮存过程中的变化，应予重视。 adequate [??d?kw?t] adj.足够的；适当的，恰当的；差强人意的；胜任的 albumin [?l?bjum?n] n. 清蛋白，白蛋白 dextran [dekstr?n] n. 右旋糖苷 lactate [l?kte?t] vi. （指哺乳动物）分泌乳汁 n. 乳汁分泌，哺乳（期） n. 【化】1. 乳酸2. 乳酸盐[酯, 根] Following acute blood loss, blood volume can be maintained by adequate administration of whole blood or plasma volume expanders, such as albumin, dextran, and balanced electrolyte solutions. The quantity of electrolyte solutions such as lactated Ringer’s solutions. Required to maintain