six sigma training materials 六西格玛管理培训材料.ppt.ppt

5-6-2000 page1 FMEA Model Cause Detection Failure Mode (Defect) Detection Effect Detection Prevention Control Material or Process input Process Step External customer or downstream process step Which is a best case? Which is a worst case? Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Definition of RPN Terms RPN = Severity X Occurrence X Detection ◆Severity (of Effect)- importance of effect on customer requirements – could also be concerned with safety and other risks if failure occurs (1= Not Severe, 10=Very Likely) ◆Occurrence (of Cause) frequency with which a given Cause occurs and creates Failure Mode. Can sometimes refer to the frequency of a Failure Mode (1=Not Likely, 10=Very Likely) ◆Detection (capability of Controls) – ability of current control scheme to detect or Prevent: ＊the causes before creating failure mode ＊the failure modes before causing effect ＊1=Likely to Detect, 10= Not Likely at all to Detect Failure Mode and Effects Analysis FMEA Scoring ★ There are a wide variety of scoring “anchors”, both quantitative or qualitative. ★ Two types of scales are 1-5 or 1-10. ★ The 1-5 scales make it easier for the teams to decide on scores ★ The 1-10 scale allows for better precision in estimates and a with variation in scores. ★ The 1-10 scale is generally considered to be the best option. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Almost certain detection Remote:Failure is unlikely No effect 1 Very high change of detection Minor defect noticed by discriminating customers 2 High change of detection Low: Relatively few failures Minor defect noticed by some customers 3 Moderately high change of detection Minor defect noticed by some customers 4 Moderate change of detection Reduced secondary function performance 5 Low change of detection Moderate: Occasional failure Loss of secondary function 6 Very low change of detection Reduced primary function performance 7 Remote change of detection High: Repeated failures Loss of primary function 8 Very remo