初中英语语法及考点总习(附专练及答案).docx

初中英语复习专辑（1）——名词名词的数1、可数名词与不可数名词A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数).不可数名词应注意以下几点：1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单.2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短语eg. There is ____ bread on the table. [C]A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many There is some_______ on the plate. [B]A. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer2、可数名词的复数A、不规则变化：man—men ; woman—women ;child—childrenpoliceman—policemen Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmenfoot—feet ; tooth—teeth mouse(鼠)—mice B、规则变化1）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加 es 读 [iz]2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 结尾加 seg. boxes [b ksiz] blouses [blauziz]3)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es---读[vz] eg. knives [naivz]4) “辅+y”结尾变y为i加es 清就清[s]5)一般加s 浊就浊[z] eg. books[buks] pens[penz] babies[beibiz]但注意以下几点：①potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes ②单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese③ 由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数 man doctor — men doctors④reef—reefs ⑤ “某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面. eg. German—Germans ⑥ people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念 The police are looking for the missing boy.3、名词所有格：名词’s (意思是 “……的”)A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“’s”但注意：1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s”Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.2)以s结尾的词只加“ ’ ”eg. 1) the boys’ books 2) James’father3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导eg. the leg of the desk4)双重所有格：a friend of my father’s a friend of mine ( √ ) a friend of my( × )练 习一、写出下列词的复数1.book______ 2.bus ______ 3.orange _______4.baby______ 5.boy______ 6.my ________7.his_______ 8.knife______ 9.watch________10.sheep ______ 11. tooth _____ 12. leaf ____13.German__________ 14.Chinese_________二、选择正确的答案( )1.—Are those ______?---No, they aren’t. They’re _____.A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cowC. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows( )2.Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me ____.A. two orange B. two bottles of orangeC. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges( )3.I have got _