在线广告行业-毕论文外文翻译.docVIP

外文文献 The Online Advertising Industry Advertising delivered over the internet—“online advertising”—has become a significant source of revenue for web-based businesses. Fifty-six of the top 100 websites based on page views in February 2008 presented advertising; these 56 accounted for 86 percent of the total page views for these 100 sites. Twenty-six of these 56 sites, accounting for 77 percent of all page views for the top 100 sites, likely earn most of their revenue from selling advertising. Advertising is a significant source of revenue for many of the smaller sites including ones such as blogs that occupy the long-tail of the web. Online advertising is also central to the $34 billion e-commerce economy, which is becoming an ever larger portion of overall commerce. Web-based sellers use online advertising to drive consumers directly to their sites where they can browse for goods and services and purchase them with a few clicks. Online advertising accounted for 8.8 percent of all advertising in the United States in 2008. That share is expected to grow as people spend more time with new online media such as social networking and sites that offer user-generated content; as more traditional media such as television is transmitted over the internet; and as more advertising is delivered to browser-enabled mobile phones. Internet-based advertising is the source of a “gale of creative destruction” .that is sweeping across the advertising and media landscape, especially in the United States. Newspapers, particularly, are losing readers and advertisers to web media supported by online advertising. That has lead to a downward spiral as indirect network effects work in reverse. The market caps of the major publicly traded newspaper businesses in the United States declined by 42 percent between January 2004 and August 2008, compared to a 15.6 percent increase for the Dow Jones Industrial average over that same time period. With the additional pressure of the financial crisis,