模糊控制PID的节-毕业论文外文翻译.doc

原文 Tuning Of Fuzzy PID Controllers PID stands for Proportional, Integral and Derivative. The following explanations describe PID as it applies to the precise control of a process temperature. A process is an area or zone that is being controlled a t or driven to a precise temperature. PID is a control method or mode that has three functions or variables. The proportional action dampens process response. The integral corrects for droop. Droop is the difference in temperature between the process set point and the actual process temperature. The set point is the desired process temperature. The derivatives minimize overshoot and undershoot. Overshoot is the amount in temperature units that the process temperature exceeds the set point before the process stabilizes. Process stabilization is achieved when the set point and process temperatures are equal over a defined period of time. Undershoot is the amount in temperature units that the process temperature falls below the set point before the process stabilizes. Proportional is the control output effort in proportion to the error from set point. A control output is a signal action delivered in response to the difference between set point and process temperature. An output usually controls a heating or cooling action. The proportional range is referred to as a “band” and is usually measured in temperature units. If a proportional band of 20 degrees were applied to a process that is 10 degrees below set point, the heat output would be 50 percent. The lower the proportional band, the higher the gain. Gain is the amount of amplification used in an electrical circuit. Proportional band is sometimes referred to as gain. The proportional band or PB is a range in which the proportioning function of the controller is active. The PB units are usually expressed in degrees. Integral is a control action that automatically eliminates droop or offset. Offset is the same as droop and is the difference in temperature between the proce