毕业论文文翻译-火车联锁系统.doc

Interlocking In railway signaling, an interlocking is an arrangement of signal apparatus that prevents conflicting movements through an arrangement of tracks such as junctions or crossings。 The signaling appliances and tracks are sometimes collectively referred to as an interlocking plant。 An interlocking is designed so that it is impossible to give clear signals to trains unless the route to be used is proved to be safe。 In North America, the official railroad definition of interlocking is： An arrangement of signals and signal appliances so interconnected that their movements must succeed each other in proper sequence 。 Interlocking types Interlockings can be categorized as mechanical, electrical (relay-based), or electronic/computer-based。 Mechanical interlocking In mechanical interlocking plants, a locking bed is constructed, consisting of steel bars forming a grid。 The levers that operate switches, derails, signals or other appliances are connected to the bars running in one direction。 The bars are constructed so that, if the function controlled by a given lever conflicts with that controlled by another lever, mechanical interference is set up in the cross locking between the two bars, in turn preventing the conflicting lever movement from being made。 In purely mechanical plants, the levers operate the field devices, such as signals, directly via a mechanical rodding or wire connection。 The levers are about shoulder height since they must supply a mechanical advantage for the operator。 Cross locking of levers was effected such that the extra leverage could not defeat the locking (preliminary latch lock)。 Electro-mechanical interlocking Power interlockings may also use mechanical locking to ensure the proper sequencing of levers, but the levers are considerably smaller as they themselves do not directly control the field devices。 If the lever is free to move based on the locking bed, contacts on the levers actuate the switches and signals which are operated elec