泌尿系统疾病英文PPT.ppt

Disease of the urinary system ;Section 1 Introduction ;B. Histology of kidney ;C. Ultrastructure of glomerulus; 2. Glomerular mesangium structure mesangial cell mesangial matrix ;D. Classification of Glomerulonephritis primary Glomerulonephritis  (1) glomerular minor 1esion (2) focal and segmental glomerular change A. focalnephritis B. focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis  (3)diffuse glomerulonephritis A.membranous glomerulonephritis (membranous nephropathy) B. proliferative glomerulonephritis a. mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis b.endocapillaryproliferative glomerulonephritis; c. mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis  (membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type I and III)  d. crescentic glomerulonephritis e. IgA nephropathy  C. sclerosing glomerulonephritis (4)unclassified glomerulonephritis secondary Glomerulonephritis  (1)1upus nephritis? (2) nephritis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura? (3) anti-GBM nephritis, Goodpasture syndrome;Section 2 Glomerulonephritis (GN);B. Mechanisms of glomerular damage;2. Immune injury mechanisms;Y;;(2) Circulating immune complexs deposition (90%) The antigen and antibody have not immunologic specificity for glomerular constituents, antigen-antibody complexs are formed in the circulation and then deposit in the glomeruli. IF appear granular pattern. ;Simulative picture of capillary tuft ;;Immune complex;C. Common glomerulonephritis ;Definition MC and EC mainly /diffusely proliferation in most of glomeruli in both kidneys. It’s abnormal reactive inflammation or proliferative inflammation. Frequently in children Etiology Associated with A-haemolytic streptococcal (type 12,4,1) infection. Within 1-4 weeks after infection, not at that time. Other organisms: pneumococci, viruses, Malaria etc. ;Morphology Grossly: “big and red kidney” “flea-bitten kidney” ;LM: 1. glomeruli: a. proliferativ alteration: All the glomerul