液压防洪或通航建筑物的结构变形的查技术指导毕业论文外文文献翻译.doc

英文原文及译文 This research provides technical guidance for performing precise structural deformation surveys of locks，dams，and other hydraulic flood control or navigation structures．Accuracy，procedural，and quality control standards are defined for monitoring displacements in hydraulic structures．General planning criteria，field and office execution procedures，data reduction and adjustment methods，and required accuracy specifications for performing structural deformation surveys are provided．These techniques are applicable to periodic monitoring surveys on earth and rock-fill dams，embankments，and concrete structures．This research covers both conventional and satellite(GPS)deformation survey methods used for measuring external movements．Dams，locks，levees，embankments，and other flood control structures are subject toexternal loads that cause deformation and permeation of the structure itself, as well as its foundations．Any indication of abnormal behavior may threaten the safety of the structure．Careful monitoring of the loads on a structure and its response to them can aid in determining abnormal behavior of that structure．In general，monitoring consists of both measurements and visual inspections．To facilitate the monitoring of hydraulic structures，they should be permanently equipped with proper instrumentation and monitoring points according to the goals of the observation，structure type and size，and site conditions． 1-1．Importance of Structural Monitoring The security of structure requires periodic monitoring maintenance and restoration. Excessive and non-stabilized deformations are often observed and although they rarely affect the global structural security，they can lead to serviceability deficiencies. Furthermore，accurate knowledge of the behavior of structures is becoming more important．Monitoring both in the long and short term helps to increase the knowledge of the real behavior of the structures and in the planning of maintenance intervention．In the long term，the sta