考研英语(完形填空法)及单词.ppt

Ⅱ特殊形式的虚拟语气 　　(1)should(可省略)+动词原形用于如下结构中的that从句中。 　　 A.用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的that宾语从句中 　 汤姆坚持让所有男孩接受他的领导。 例如： 　　（１）He ordered that parking be prohibited on main street during the rush hour. 他下令在(交通)高峰期间禁止在大街上停车。 （2）Tom insisted that his leadership be recognized by all the boys. B.用于It is+形容词或过去分词+主语从句中。 　　 例如：This is their resolution that extra curriculum activities be made part of their school life. 　　 这是他们的决议：要使得课外活动成为他们学校生活的一部分。 C.表示建议、要求、命令、请求等含义的名词引导表语从句和同位语从句。　　 　　 例如：It is appropriate that some time be devoted to thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission. 　　 拿出时间对阿波罗登月计划的结果做详细研究是恰当的。 　(2)虚拟语气用于as if(though)引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句的形式相同。　　 　　 例如： （1）他们交谈着，就好像他们是多年的老朋友一样。 　 (3)由连接词in case, so that, unless, lest, for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should (might, would) + 动词原形。 　　 They talked as if they had been friends for years. She looks as if she would cry. （2）她看起来好像要哭了。 　 例如：She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿的身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。 （４）虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 　　虚拟条件句 　　　主句 与现在事实相反的假设 与过去相反的假设 与将来相反的假设 If+主语+动词的过去式 （动词be用were) 主语+should,would, might,could＋动词 原形 If+主语+had +过去分词 主语＋should, would, might, could ＋have done 1、If+主语+动词过去式 2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形 3、If+主语+should +动词原形 主语＋should, would might, could＋动词 原形 1.如果我是你，我就会努力学习。 2.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了。 3.如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛。 If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons. If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him. If it rained/should/were to rain, we would call off the match. More practice: 例如： If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America. 使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点： 一.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 1.If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 2.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 如比较： 1.如果你（过去）听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了。 2.如果你（过去）努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了。 二．注意if的省略 在条件句中