聚合技师评定论文-水换热器设计.docVIP

国家职业资格全国统一鉴定 聚合技师论文 论文题目：汽水换热器设计 摘 要 换热器的主要功能是保证工艺过程中介质所要求的特定温度，同时也是提高能源利用率的主要设备之一。管壳式换热器是当前应用最广, 理论研究和设计技术完善, 运用可靠性良好的一类换热器。它在各工业领域中得到最为广泛地应用。近年来，尽管受到了其他新型换热器的挑战，但反过来也促进了其自身的发展。在换热器向高参数、大型化发展的今天，管壳式换热器仍占主导地位。 本课题是汽水换热器的设计，其型式为固定管板式。查阅了大量资料完成了开题报告和英文翻译；计算分为两部分：第一部分是传热工艺计算，主要进行了热负荷，冷却水用量，有效平均温度，换热面积，结构的初步设计，管程和壳程及总传热系数，管程和壳程压降的计算，此外也做了工艺接管的选择；第二分部是强度计算，主要进行了换热管的选择，壳体和管箱及封头的壁厚的计算，同时进行了应力校核和耐压试验的计算，开孔补强，管法兰的选择，管板厚度计算和校核，此外还有折流板、拉杆、防冲板及支座的选择。 本次毕业设计的目的在于掌握这种可靠性高、适应性广的换热器类型的设计，锻炼对所学知识的运用，为以后的应用打下坚实的基础。 关键词：换热器；法兰；管板 Abstract Plate (or gasketed) heat exchangers (PHE) have been widely used for almost a century due to their good thermal performance, modest space requirements ,easy accesibility to all areas and lower capitaland operating costs in comparison to the most commonly used shell-and-tube heat exchangers. Although their applications were earlier limited to liquid-toliquid heat transfer, since the 70s, PHE have also been used in processes involving phase change such as district heating systems. Their high thermal performance and compactness made them suitable as evaporators or condensers in many refrigeration, air conditioning, and heat pump systems where the fluid acting as a heat source or heat sink is a liquid. For these purposes, various chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and hydrochloro fluorocarbon(HCFC) refrigerants have been used as working fluids.Due to serious depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere and the global warming problems, the use of CFC refrigerants has been forbidden and the same destiny is soon awaiting the most extensively used HCFC refrigerant R-22. As replacement, various new refrigerants such as R-134a,R-143a, R-407c, R-410a, R-417a, or R-507 were developed during the past years, which created a need to learn their thermodynamic, thermophysical, and heat transfer properties. The graduation project topic is the liquid-liquid heat exchanger design, and its pattern is fixed tu