[精品]II儿童常见呼吸系统疾病.pptVIP

I.?? Assessment of respiratory function ? II.?兒童常見呼吸系統疾病;Assessment of respiratory function ;兒童常見呼吸系統疾病 ;Otitis medial P703 ;Etiology and pathophysiology (1);Etiology and pathophysiology (2);Clinical manifestations ;Otoscopic examination.第1段第1行 Otitis medial : red, bulging, nonmobile tympanic membrane圖19-7 Otitis medial with effusion : fluid line or air bubbles圖19-8 Pneumatic otoscopy (氣式耳鏡) 第3行 Special gradient acoustic reflectometry（SGAR） (聽覺反射傾斜度) Tympanogram (鼓室壓力圖)第2段 ;Medical management ;Nursing assessment p706 ;Nursing management P707 care plan;Etiology and pathophysiology An infection or inflammation（hypertrophy）of the palatine tonsils. P718 Most children with pharyngitis may have infected tonsils. May be caused by virus or bacterium. P719 ;Clinical manifestations ;Visual inspection Clinical manifestations Throat culture;Medical management ;Nursing assessment ;Nursing management P720 ;Nursing management;Croup syndrom ;Etiology and pathophysiology Viral invasion Throughout the larynx, trachea, and bronchi Age：3 months to 4 years of age Boys than girls Cause：Parainfluenze virus（75%）、RS virus、Influenze virus Airway tissues produce copious, tenacious secretions and swelling. P429第1段圖13-5 ;Clinical manifestations Tachypnea, inspiratory stridor, seal-like barking cough, and hoarseness Fever may or may be not present. Diagnostic tests Clinical signs Pulse oximetry Anteroposterior and lateral x-rays－steeple sign ;Humidification Medications P430 上表 Beta-agonists and beta-adrenergics Aerosolized through face mask Improvement in 30’ lasts about 2 hours Tachycardia hypertension Dizziness, headache, and nausea? stop medication Corticosteroids IM, PO, Nebulized budesonide CV symptoms Stridor resolves faster Oxygen ;Nursing management P431 ;?Epiglottitis（Supraglottitis） P431 ;Clinical manifestations 第3段;Diagnostic tests P432 第4段;Medical management ;Nursing management;Bacterial Tracheitis P433 ;Diagnostic tests ;Nursing manag