教研四11.3冠词使用.docxVIP

教研四 冠词的使用冠词是一种虚词，主要放在名词前，帮助说明名词所表示的人或物。冠词有不定冠词（a,an）和定冠词（the）两种。一、不定冠词a 和an的区别：a 用在辅音音素（不是辅音字母）前，包括以半元音[j][w]开头的词前，an 用在元音音素（不是元音字母）前。a hotel [hEJ5tel] a useful [jU:sfEl] tool a D [di:](B,C,G,J,K,P,Q,T,U,V,W,Y,Z)an eye [aI] an hour [aJE] an F [ef](A,E,H,I,L,M,N,O,R,S,X)二、不定冠词的用法1.表示“一，一个”，用在单数可数名词前There is a picture on the wall.He has an apple in his hand.注意：a 和an 不强调数量，而是强调类别；one 则强调数量。I bought a computer.(不是收音机和电视机或其他)I bought one computer.(不是两台，三台或其他)Would you like an ice cream?(不是别的食物)She gave one ice cream to them each.(不是其他的数量)故表示数量对比时，用one不用a/an。我有1支红铅笔，但是她有3支。I have a red pencil, but she has three.(错)I have one red pencil, but she has three.（对）2.表示一类人或物，指同类中的任何一个Even a child can answer this question.就是小孩子也能回答这个问题。An elephant is stronger than a horse. 大象比马力气大。3.第一次提到某人或某物第一次提到某人或某物时，用不定冠词a或an,起介绍作用。A girl wants to see you.4.表示身份、职业不定冠词用于单数名词前表示身份、职业，尤其用在作表语或补足语的名词前。I am a teacher of Bozhi.表示某个职位在某一个时期内只有一人担任，或表示某人的职称、头衔，可不用冠词。He is (the) captain of the team.Wang li,(the) monitor of their class, is good at English.5.用于专有名词前，表示不认识某人A Zhang called you just now. 一位姓张的刚才给你打电话。A Mr.Smith wanted to see you.有位史密斯先生想要见你。6.表示“每一”不定冠词用在表示数量、长度、时间、速度、价格等的计数单位的名词前时，表示“每一”，相当于every。We have three meals a day.They met each other once a month.The car moved 100 miles an hour.7.用于两件一套东西的某一件之前a knife and fork 用于某些结构中such a /quiet a/ rather a /+单数可数名词 a very +单数可数名词It is such a fine day.多么晴朗的一天。He is quiet an honest man.他是个非常诚实的人。He is rather a gentleman.他真是一位谦谦君子。He told me a very interesting story.他给我讲了一个很有趣的故事。9.用于某些惯用短语中have a cold have a try have a rest have a good time have a fever have a headache have a quarrel have a good sleep have a toothache have a swim with a light heart 愉快地 once in a while偶尔have a look have a nice trip have a dance have/take a walk have a talk make a face go for a walk in a hurry take a bath do sb. a favourtell a lie