转盘试验台论文：基于ARM现场动平衡检测系统研究.docVIP

转盘试验台论文：基于ARM的现场动平衡检测系统研究 【中文摘要】近三十年,机械设备向大型高速化方向迅速发展,转子动平衡技术要求日益提高。正在建设的轮轨滚动行为模拟试验台直径达到三米以上,圆周速度达到100m/s,为确保该转盘试验台的正常工作,就涉及到复杂的动平衡问题。本文针对实际需要,对现场动平衡技术及其检测系统开展了如下研究：对转盘试验台的功能指标与结构参数进行分析,根据直径与宽度的比值大于10等特征,建立了旋转动力学模型,由其特征方程(即频率方程)计算出临界转速,得到临界转速低于转盘试验台的工作转速,推断出转盘试验台为挠性系统,并建立了转子——转轴——轴承系统模型,该系统在旋转时为陀螺式涡动。并利用matlab软件进行不平衡仿真,结果表明不平衡引起的转盘试验台振动为正弦波的叠加,频率为工作频率的一倍频(基频)和二倍频的叠加。动平衡理论研究表明：转盘试验台整体作为挠性系统时,采取挠性转子的多面平衡影响系数法作为现场动平衡方法是较好的选择。动平衡的检测则选择转盘试验台的主轴作为直接检测对象和部位,同时可选择轴承座及机壳作为辅助检测对象和部位。选择三组位移传感器对转轴的振动进行检测,同一组传感器安装在同一转轴截面上,两径向传感器互成90°夹角。另外转速也可由位移传感器测得的脉冲信号获得,该脉冲信号的获得则可利用转子上的键槽。对检测系统进行了设计。设计制作了基于ARM嵌入式主板的数据采集板。并对PWM信号产生子程序、精简ISA通信子程序、文件读写(micro SD卡)子程序进行编写和调试,软件的调试利用了EVC开发环境,可通过改变嵌入式主板硬件跳线连接及软件环境的配置将主程序下载到嵌入式主板中,进而为采集系统调试做好准备。采集系统调试利用信号发生器产生正弦波信号以模拟不平衡振动产生的信号,由数据采集板将模拟信号转换为数字信号存入到micro SD卡中,PC读取该离散数据后利用matlab绘出波形,与原波形对比。系统调试结果表明：数据采集板能通过精简ISA总线和ARM嵌入式主板良好通信,数据采集板转换后的数据能通过ARM嵌入式主板的文件系统存入到micro SD卡中,读入的离散数据显示出的波形与原信号波形吻合良好。 【英文摘要】In recent 30 years, machinery industry gets rapid development. Hence, rotor-dynamic-balance technology plays more than a key role to guarantee the high speed of large machinery. For instance, the rolling simulation test-bed for rail wheel, which is under construction, can reach 3m+ in diameter and 100m/s in rotate speed. In order to ensure the test-bed working smoothly, the complex dynamic-balance issue must be considered. Based on the real engineering requirement, this paper has a deep study on the dynamic-balance technology and its detection system.The function and structure of rotary table test-bed were analyzed. According to structure characters, for e.g:D/W ratio10, rotating dynamics model was established. Critical speed less than working speed is gotten by characteristic equation, so the test-bed is flexible system. And the rotor-shaft-bearing model is established, which rotates in gyro eddy mode. By using matlab, unbalancing simulation software indicates that:the vibration curve by unbalanced rotor is superposition of sine wave.Dynamic balance theory