-号元素的性质及用（Properties and application of element -）.docVIP

1-20号元素的性质及用（Properties and application of element 1-20） hydrogen Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table of elements. The element name comes from Greek, and the original meaning is water. Hydrogen was discovered by British chemist Cavendish in 1766, called flammable air, and proved that it was burning in the air to produce water. In 1787, French chemist Lavoisier proved that hydrogen is a simple substance and named. Hydrogen is abundant in the earths crust, which accounts for 15.4% of the total atomic weight, but only 1% of the total weight. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe. On earth, hydrogen exists mainly in water and organic matter. There are three kinds of hydrogen, deuterium and tritium isotope. Under normal conditions for hydrogen gas is colorless, tasteless; gas molecules by double atoms; melting point of -259.14 ~ C, -252.8 ~ C boiling point, critical temperature critical pressure 12.98 33.19K, atmospheric pressure, gas density of 0.0899 Ksson; the water solubility of 21.4 cm 3/ kg of water (0 degrees C), slightly soluble in organic solvents. Under normal temperature, hydrogen is not active, but can be activated by suitable catalyst. Hydrogen is highly active at high temperatures. Except rare gas elements, almost all elements can form compounds with hydrogen. The hydrides of nonmetal elements are usually called some hydrogen, such as hydrogen halides, hydrogen sulfide, etc. the hydrides of metal elements are called metal hydrides, such as lithium hydride, calcium hydride, etc.. Hydrogen is an important industrial raw material as well as a future energy source. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Edit this paragraph helium (Helium) The element sign He, atomic number 2, atomic weight 4.002602, is one kind of rare gas. The element name comes from Greek, and the original meaning is the sun. In 1868, someone used a spectroscope to observe the surface of the sun, and found a new yellow