人体解剖学与组织胚胎学教研室_脊神经课件.ppt

提问Answer questions 侧角 脊神经节 提问Answer questions 侧角 脊神经节 纤维束 脊髓丘脑束 脊神经纤维成份 躯体感觉纤维 somatic sensory fibers 躯体运动纤维 somatic motor fibers 内脏感觉纤维 visceral sensory fibers 内脏运动纤维 visceral motor fibers Spinal nerves There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, which leave the spinal cord and pass through intervertebral foramina. Each spinal nerve is connected to the spinal cord by the anterior root and the posterior root. The anterior root consists of (somatic, visceral) motor fibers. The posterior root consists of (somatic, visceral) sensory fibers. The cell bodies of those nerve fibers are situated in the spinal ganglion. So each spinal nerve is made up of a mixture of motor and sensory fibers. Spinal nerves After emerging through the intervertebral foramen, a typical spinal nerve immediately divides into four branches: the meningeal branch, communicating branch, posterior and anterior branches. Except in thoracic nerves T2 through T1, the anterior branches of the spinal nerves combine and then slit again to form four plexuses of spinal nerves which are the cervical, the brachial, the lumbar, and the sacral plexuses. Spinal nerves Spinal nerves：connected with the spinal cord by two roots. Thirty-one pairs of spinal nerves：8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal. The anterior （ventral） root ：motor (efferent) fibers from motor neurons in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. The posterior （dorsal）root ：sensory （afferent） fibers of cells in the spinal ganglion The anterior and posterior root： form a spinal nerve in the intervertebral foramen. The spinal nerve divides into four parts：anterior，posterior，communicating and meningeal branches. Cervical plexus (C1 – 4) is located deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The phrenic nerve is an important one. Brachial plexus (C5-T1) supplies nerves to the upper limb. Its five important branches: axillary, musculocutaneous, median, ulnar and radial nerve. 小 结 上、下肢肌的神经支配 膝关节运动肌的神经支配 屈 肌：缝匠肌，股二头肌，半腱肌，半