组织与胚胎学双语课件_骨与软骨.pptVIP

* Chapter 4cartilage and bone Cartilage(软骨) Structure Features Cartilage: Cartilage tissue + perichondrium Cartilage tissue: Cells + matrix (fibers+ g.s.) The g.s. is solid. No B.V., lymphatics nerves. (It nourished by diffusion) 3 types of cartilage: ( based on the type of fibers) hyaline cartilage(透明软骨) elastic cartilage(弹性软骨) fibrocartilage(纤维软骨) Function: support connection sliding surface for joints 1. Hyaline cartilage Location: embryonic skeleton, articular surfaces, rib cartilage, larynx, trachea etc. Structure: A. Ground substance (基质) HE: basophilic (more chondroitin sulphate) trachea Chemical composition is similar to that of L.C.T. ( 硫酸软骨素) Cartilage lacunae(软骨陷窝): matrix cavity Cartilage capsule (软骨囊): : on the surface of the lacunae; strong basophilic (硫酸软骨素较多) cap LM: Peripheral chondrocytes: less mature; small flat; single; Central chondrocytes: more mature; round; isogenous group (同源细胞群). EM: rich in RER. r., Mit. , developed Gl., Glycogen lipid droplet. Function: synthesize f. g.s. C. Chondrocytes(软骨细胞) Perichondrium(软骨膜): Dense c.t.; Outer layer: more collagenous fibers; Inner layer: more b.v. cells, osteoprogenitor cells chondroblast cells → chondrocytes → new cartilage tissue) Function: protection, nutrition, repairing E. Cartilage growth regeneration Interstitial growth(内积性生长): Chondrocytes: increase the number of cells (mitosis) the amount of matrix from within Appositional growth (外加性生长): : chondroblast cells in perichodrium produce new layer of cartilage tissue from outside 2. Elastic cartilage(弹性软骨) Location: external ear; epiglottis etc. Structure: elastic fiber (dense closely packed) + chondrocytes Feature: more elasticity flexibility 3. Fibrocartilage(纤维软骨) Location: intervertebral disk; symphysis pubis; end of tendons etc. Stru