人教版九年级英第五单元.docVIP

Unit5 单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus) 语法精讲 一般现在时的被动语态 1.主动语态与被动语态 语态是英语句子中表明句子主语与谓语之间动作关系的一个概念，具体分为主动语态与被动语态两种。 主动语态表明的是“句子谓语动作是由主语发出，即主语是谓语动作的执行者”这一主谓关系。而被动语态表明的则是“句子谓语动作不是由主语发出的，主语反而是谓语动作的承受者”这一主谓关系。如: Many people speak English.许多人讲英语。(主动语态，主语“Many people”是谓语动作“speak”的执行者) English is spoken by many people.英语被许多人讲。(被动语态，主语“English”是谓语动作“is spoken”的承受者) 2.一般现在时的被动语态 一般现在时的被动语态其谓语结构为:am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词 (1)肯定句结构为:主语＋am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他。如: Farm machines are made in that factory.农场机械是在那个工厂被制造的。 (2)否定句结构为:主语＋am/is/are＋not＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他。如: Farm machines are not made in that factory.农场机械没有在那个工厂被制造。 (3)一般疑问句结构为:Am/Is/Are＋主语＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他。如: Are farm machines made in that factory？农场机械是在那个工厂被制造的吗？ 注意: ①happen，belong to，have，cost，last，own，stay等一般不用被动语态。 ②taste，sound，prove，feel，look，smell等系动词常用主动形式表示被动意义。除此之外，read，sell，wash，write等动词用来说明主语的性质特征时，也常用主动形式表示被动意义。 语法精练 Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.English ________(learn) as a foreign language in most of Chinese schools. 2.The dogs ________(take) good care of by my mother. 3.Usually，my homework ________(not do) in the afternoon. 4.________ the flowers ________(water) every day? 5.Computers ________(not sell) well in that shop. 6.________ our school ________(visit) by many people every day? 7.Three languages ________(use) in this country. 8.The workers ________(make) to work 12 hours every day. 9.Such exercises ________ often ________(do) by the students in class. 10.The car ________ always ________(clean) by Mr. Zhang in the morning. Ⅱ.按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。 11.They dont make this kind of watch in Beijing.(改为被动语态) This kind of watch ________ ________ by them in Beijing. 12.The bike is mended by Uncle Li.(对画线部分提问)________ ________ the bike mended by? 13.The trees are watered by them once a week.(改为主动语态) ________ ________ the trees once a week. 14.Does she often look after the old woman？(改为被动语态) ________ the old woman often ________ after by her? 15.Tea is grown in the south of China.(改为一般疑问句) ________ tea ________ in the south of China? Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。