流体力学与传热课件Flow Rate-Pressure Dop Relationships.pptVIP

3.4.2 Flow Rate-Pressure Drop Relationships At the beginning of batch cake filtration, the whole pressure drop available is across the medium itself since as yet no cake is formed. As the pores in the medium are normally small and rate of flow of filtrate is low, laminar flow conditions are almost invariably obtained. So, the relationship between the superficial velocity u and the pressure drop can be described by Kozeny-Carman equation 3.4-2 The linear velocity u is given by the equation 3.4-3 The sphericity shape factor Φ of a particle is the ratio of the surface area of this sphere having the same volume as the particle to the actual surface area of the particle. Substituting u from Eq. (3.4-3 ) into Eq. (3.4-2 ) gives 3.4-4 The filtration rate is Let 3.4-5 3.4-6 Where k is a constant referred to as the permeability of the bed and substitutes equation (3.4-6 ) into equation (3.4-5 ) (3.4-7 ) This equation relating the flow rate of a filtrate with viscosity μ through a bed of thickness L and face area A to the driving pressure Δp is called Darcy’s basic filtration equation. Equation (3.4-7) is often written in the form. 3.4-8 Where R is called the resistance (and is equal to L/k, the thickness divided by the permeability of the bed) 3.4-8 Filter medium resistance In the cake filtration, two resistances are presented in series, one of which, the cake resistance R increases and other, the medium resistance Rm may be assumed constant with time. Equation (3.4-8 ) becomes: 3.4-9 In practice, however, the assumption made above that the medium resistance is constant is rarely true because some penetration and blocking of the medium inevitably occurs when particles impinge on the medium As the resistance of the cake may be assumed to be directly proportional to the amount of cake deposited (only true for incompressible cakes) it follows that for a given filtration area A. R=rL 3.4-10 Where L is the width of c