高中英语译林版选修八教学案：Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Grammar Writing(含答案).docVIP

Section_ⅣGrammar Writing 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 语法图解 探究发现 ①I am afraid you have not appreciated the urgency of the matter. ②In the short term, the medicine may not be very effective. ③The job does not require any formal training. ④This kind of fast food is not fit for my appetite. ⑤No horse has a speed comparable to that of his. ⑥I seldom go home after five oclock in the afternoon. [我的发现] (1)以上例句中黑体部分构成句子的否定形式。 (2)句①③中黑体部分的构成特点是由助动词加_not构成否定。 (3)句②中黑体部分的构成特点是由情态动词加_not构成否定。 (4)句④中黑体部分的构成特点是由系动词加_not构成否定。 (5)句⑤中的 no 和句⑥中的 seldom 本身表示否定意义。 　　一、常用否定词 1．英语中否定含义的表达形式多种多样，可以用not, no, never, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere等否定词来表达否定之意。 Not many volunteers came to their rescue. 来帮助他们的志愿者不是很多。 I wont go to the party unless Im invited. 除非被邀请，否则我不会去参加聚会的。 [即时演练1] (1)选词填空 ①(2016·江苏高考改编)He did not compromise easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.(not/no) ②(重庆高考改编)A smile costs nothing,_but gives much.(nothing/something) ③(江西高考改编)My brother would like to buy a good watch but none was available from that shop.(nothing/none) (2)用否定词翻译句子 ①没人同意这个建议。 No_one_agrees_to_the_suggestion. ②什么也改变不了我的主意。 Nothing_can_change_my_mind. ③我从来都没有见过他。 I_have_never_seen_him. 2．可以用hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, few等半否定词来表达否定之意。 Now she hardly had strength to open the carriage door. 此刻她几乎没有力气打开车厢的门。 Unfortunately, very few people have played in this space. 遗憾的是，只有极少数的人涉足这个领域。 [即时演练2] 选词填空：little/hardly/seldom/few ①I had hardly closed my eyes when I remembered I hadnt done my maths homework. ②I have few friends in the new school. ③Mr.Smith seldom goes back to his hometown. ④I have only a little money left. 3．可以用含否定意义的前缀a-， ab-， an-， de-， dis-， il-， im-， in-， ir-， non-， un-， under-等构成的词表达否定之意；也可以用后缀-less, -free, -proof等构成的词表达否定之意。 Today it is impossible to cure cancer completely. 目前要完全治愈癌症是不可能的。 Second, it is also useless to worry about the future. 其次，为未来而担忧也是没有用的。 [即时演练3]　写出下列单词的反义词 ①use→useless ②smoker→non-smoker ③like(喜欢)→dislike ④legal→illegal ⑤regular→ir