2012届高考英语考前最后冲刺精选的讲义语法的资料集虚拟语气汇编_00003.docVIP

2012届高考英语考前最后冲刺精选讲义语法资料集虚拟语气汇编（五） 一、根据考纲的要求，虚拟语气部分主要考查情态动词的选择、虚拟语气在条件句中、在名词性从句中、在简单句中或在日常交际中的使用等基本用法。 二、复习要点 　　虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，说话人陈述的并不是事实，而是表达一种愿望、假设和猜测等。只有在非真实的条件句中才使用虚拟语气，如果假设的条件有可能实现，用真实条件句。如果假设的条件无法实现或实现的可能性很小，则用虚拟语气。使用虚拟语气的情况主要有下列几种： 1.?虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用 　　(1)?if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气 　　Could/might+动词 原形 If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad. 与过去事实相反的假设 If+主语+had+过去分词 主语+should/would/ Could/might+have+ 过去分词 If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams. 与将来事实相反的假设 (1) If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were） (2)If+主语+were to+动词原形 (3)If+主语+should+动词原形 主语+should/would/ Could/might+动词 原形 If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 注意: ①从句省略 if, 用倒装句式were, had, should+主语” Were I in school again, I would work harder. Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him. Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come. ②有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如： If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now. 考例 1.____he had not hurt his leg; John would have won the race. (07全国) A If B Since C though D When 2. But for your help, we ______the work so soon.（01上海） A won’t finish B can’t finish C wouldn’t finish D couldn’t have finished 　　含蓄虚拟条件句 　　有时，可不用条件句表示一个非真实的条件，而用一些介词短语或通过上下文中暗含某种非真实的条件，这种句子叫做“含蓄条件句”。例如： 　　通过with,?without,?but?for和动词不定式短语等表示虚拟的条件 　　She’d?look?better?with?shorter?hair.?=if?she?had?her?hair?cut?shorter Without?your?help,?we?could?not?have?completed?the?task?ahead?of?time.?=If?it?had?not?been?for?your?help… 　But?for?the?heavy?snow,?I?could?have?gone?on?holiday.?=If?there?had?not?been?the?heavy?snow… 　She?would?be?shocked?to?hear?the?news.?=If?she?heard?the?news… 　It?would?be?easier?to?do?it?in?this?way.?=If?you?did?it?in?this?way… 　句中含有or,?or?else,?otherwise,?but等词语，暗示句子的某一部分(前句或后句)需用虚拟语气。 　　He?was