Chapter 09 Solutions09章解决的方案.docVIP

SOLUTIONS TO CHAPTER 9 RANKING 1. B = C, A, D 2. C, B, A 3. a. B, A = C, D b. D, A = C, B 4. C, B, A 5. B, A, C EXERCISES 1. Nothing to be concerned about on this consumer label. It simply states the universal law of gravitation, which applies to all products. It looks like the manufacturer knows some physics and has a sense of humor. 2. The reason that a heavy body doesn’t fall faster than a light body is because the greater gravitational force on the heavier body (its weight), acts on a correspondingly greater mass (inertia). The ratio of gravitational force to mass is the same for every body—hence all bodies in free fall accelerate equally. And it’s true not just near the Earth, but anywhere. (This is illustrated in Figures 4.12 and 4.13.) 3. In accord with the law of inertia, the Moon would move in a straight-line path instead of circling both the Sun and Earth. 4. The force of gravity is the same on each because the masses are the same, as Newton’s equation for gravitational force verifies. 5. The force of gravity is the same on each because the masses are the same, as Newton’s equation for gravitational force verifies. When dropped the crumpled paper falls faster only because it encounters less air drag than the sheet. 6. The force decreases as the square of increasing distance, or force increases with the square of decreasing distance. 7. Your friend’s misconception is a popular one. But investigation of the gravitational equation shows that no matter how big the distance, force never gets to zero. If it were zero, any space shuttle would fly off in a straight-line path! 8. The force of gravity on Moon rocks at the Moon’s surface is considerably stronger than the force of gravity of the distant Earth. Rocks dropped on the Moon fall onto the Moon surface. (The force of the Moon’s gravity is about 1?6 of the weight the rock would have on Earth; the force of the Earth’s gravity at that distance is only about 1?3600 of the rock’s Earth-weight.)