ChemE 260 Thermodynamics的方案260 热力学.pptVIP

ChemE 260 Polytropic Isentropic Processes Dr. William Baratuci Senior Lecturer Chemical Engineering Department University of Washington TCD 7: ECB 6: 3 - 5 Relative Thermodynamic Properties Gibbs Equations for ideal gases: Using Relative Properties Isentropic Processes Assumptions: Ideal Gas with constant and Polytropic Processes Definition: PV Diagram for Polytropic Processes TS Diagram for Polytropic Processes Polytropic Process Paths on a TS Diagram Gibbs Eqns, IG, Constant Heat Capacities: Boundary Work in Polytropic Processes Internally Reversible Processes: Wb: PV Diagram Next Class … Entropy Balances Closed Systems: No Mass Crosses the System Boundary Open Systems: Mass Crosses the System Boundary Entropy Generation and ?Suniv The Mechanical Energy Balance Equation The Bernoulli Equation PV Diagrams Revisited Shaft Work on a PV Diagram ! Example #1 Saturated ammonia vapor enters an adiabatic compressor at -10oC and leaves at a pressure of 1.0 MPa. Determine the work requirement per kg of ammonia for the compressor if the process is reversible. Example #2 The pressure-volume diagram of a Carnot power cycle executed by an ideal gas with constant specific heat ratio g is shown in the diagram. Demonstrate that: V4 V2 = V1 V3 T2 / T3 = (P2/ P3)((g-1)/g)) T2 / T3 = (V3 / V2)g-1 * May 9, 2005 Baratuci ChemE 260 May 9, 2005 Consider an isentropic process from a reference state (Tref, Pref, Vref) to any other state (T, P, V). Note, SoTref = 0. Gibbs Eqns become: Define Relative Properties:(IG Properties Tables, functions of T only) Advantage of using Relative Properties: Advantage of using Relative Properties: Example: Air expands in aturbine from 1000 K and 1 MPa to the surroundings at 100 kPa. If the air is an ideal gas and the turbine is isentropic, what is the temperature of the turbine exhaust ? 8.8893 550 8.6792 T2 8.3101 540 PR T (K) By interpolation : Baratuci ChemE 260 May 9, 2005 Key equations: and: Results: Baratuci ChemE 260 May 9, 2005 A