Design Criteria SUNYIT Homepage的设计标准sunyit主页.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * Horizontal AlignmentSpiral Curves CTC 440 From “20 Things you Didn’t know about Cars”, Discover Magazine, October 2012 In 1760 King George III housed around 30 horses in the Royal Mews stables in London. Today a typical compact car packs a 150-horsepower engine. So a suburban commuter has instant access to five times as much sheer muscle as the king who nearly crushed the American Revolution. By the formal definition of horsepower (the power required to lift 33,000 pounds by one foot in one minute), a real horse musters only 0.7 horsepower. Not only has the horse been outgunned by the car, it faces the further indignity of not being able to keep up with itself. …The contact patches-the area of the tires that actually touch the road at any given moment-cover an area of just over 100 square inches for an average family sedan. In other words, all of the accelerating, cornering, braking, and everything else that your four wheels do, happens on a piece of ground scarcely bigger than your own two feet. Objectives Know the nomenclature of a spiral curve Know how to solve spiral curve problems Spiral Curves When driving over simple horizontal curves, there is an abrupt change from a tangent to a circular arc at the PC Spirals are inserted between the arc and tangents to provide a gradual transition Spiral Curves One end of the spiral has an infinite radius. At the other end, the spiral radius equals that of the connecting arc Typically the length of spirals on each size of the arc are the same /dot/cadd/msv8/spiral.htm Spiral Curves TS-tangent to spiral SC-spiral to curve CS-curve to spiral ST-spiral to tangent Spiral Curves Ls-Length of spiral; also the distance from TS-SC and CS-ST (same as runoff length) Obtain from HDM Tables M2-11 thru M2-14 and Exhibit 5-15(metric) or Tables 3-2 3-2A (tables are rescinded---- use only for class!!) Note: 3-2 3-2A are a shortcut since Exhibit 5-15 is not available in english (use Tables 2-11