terms总结.docVIP

Word: Generally speaking, a word is unification of sounds, meaning syntax feature and is foundamental structural unit of sentence. Morpheme: It is the smallest unit of language, a unit that cannot be divided into further smaller units without destroying or drastically altering the meaning, whether it is lexical or grammatical. For instance, the word “bark” in “the dog barks” consists of two morphemes “bark” and “-s”, neither of which can be further divided into segments. Allomorphs: The different morphs which represent or which are denied from one morpheme are called allomorphs of that morpheme. Allomorphs are the alternative phonetic forms or viriants of the same morpheme. Content morpheme: It is known as free morphemes are those that may constitute words by themselves: cat, walk, kind. Grammatical morpheme: It is known as bound morphemes arte those that must appear with at least one other morphemes either bound or free: cat +s. Affixation: The process by which words are formed by adding affixes to a root is called affixation. Conversion: It means using a form that represents one part of speech as another part of speech without changing the form of the word. Composition: A process of word-formation by which two independent words are put together to make one word. Blending: It is a process of word-formation by which new words are created by combining parts of other words. Back formation: It is a process of word-formation by which a word is created by the deletion of a supposed affix. It is also known as reverse derivation. Shortening: It is a method of shortening a word without changing its meaning. Onomatopoeia: It is the oldest device of word formation used to name a thing or action by a vocal imitation of the sound associated with it. Motivation: Motivation deals with the connection between name and sense. It is the basis from which things and phenomenon gets the names. Semantic feature: The linguistic meaning of a word is a set of abstracted characteristics nece