《英语句子翻译》ppt课件.ppt

否定句 穿越重重迷雾之转移否定 特例 We didn’t think we’d be this late. 我们没想到会这么迟。 I can’t believe that they are married. 我真不敢相信，他们竟然结婚了。 You mustn’t think that he is a fool. 你千万不要以为他是个傻瓜。 否定句 穿越重重迷雾之转移否定 I didn’t take Joan to swim in the pool today. I didn’t take Joan to swim in the pool today. (I forgot to do so.) 我今夭没带琼到游泳池去游泳。 I didn’t take Joan to swim in the pool today. (It was Lucy) 我今天带到游泳池去游泳的不是琼。 I didn’t take Joan to swim in the pool today. (just to see it) 我今天带琼到游泳池去不是游泳。 I didn’t take Joan to swim in the pool today. I took her to the seaside.) 我今天带琼去游泳的地方不是游泳池。 I didn’t take Joan to swim in the pool today. (It was last week) 我不是今天带琼到游泳池去游泳的。 I didn’t take Joan to swim in the pool today. (It wasn’t I but my father) 今天带琼到游泳池去游泳的不是我。 否定句 穿越重重迷雾之转移否定 He didn’t mention it on purpose. He mentioned it unintentionally. He deliberately didnt mention it. I haven’t studied English for two years. I have studied English for less than two years. I stopped studying English two years ago. He didn’t go to the clinic to have his wound dressed. 他没去诊所包扎伤口。 他去诊所不是去包扎伤口的。 He didn’t go downtown because his father was ill. 他没进城，因为父亲病了。 他进城，并不是因为父亲病了。 否定句 穿越重重迷雾之转移否定 The earth does not move around in an empty space. The earth moves around but not in an empty space. In an empty space, the earth doesn’t move around. Certainly I don’t teach because teaching is easy for me. Nor do I teach because I think I know answers, or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share. 　　分析：这句话主要涉及的是否定的范围问题。如果把because从句排除在否定范围之外，其意思为：“……因为我觉得教书容易，所以没有教书……”（= …because teaching is very easy for me, I don’t teach…）；如果把because从句包括在否定范围之内，则为：“……我之所以教书，并不是因为我觉得教书容易……”（=…I teach, but it isn’t because teaching is easy for me…）。 　　译文：当然，我之所以教书，并不是因为我觉得教书容易。我之所以教书，也不是因为我认为自己能够解答问题，或者因为我满腹学问，情不自禁地要与别人分享。 否定句 穿越重重迷雾之转移否定 严格说来, 否定句并不是简单的非此即彼。如果脱离语境, 一切否定句都可以找到若干不同的深层意义。 否定的情况很复杂, 不可能一览无余地加以说明。总而言之, 分析否定句不能依赖语序等句法结构, 要从语义结构的角度去分析, 更重要的是联系上下文进行逻辑分析。只有这样, 才能把握否定句的深层结构, 从而顺利地实现语际转换。 长句 课后练习