Balancing Oxidaion Reduction Reactions UML配平氧化还原反应的UML.ppt

Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Any reaction involving the transfer of electrons is an oxidation-reduction (or redox) reaction Definitions: Oxidation is the loss of electrons. Reduction is the gain of electrons. Oxidation cannot take place without reduction. During a redox reaction, the oxidation numbers of reactants will change. For any equation to be balanced: 1. The number of atoms of each type on the left side of the arrow must equal the number of atoms of each type to the right of the arrow. 2. The total charges of all the ions on the left side of the arrow must equal the total charges of all the ions to the right of the arrow. In addition, for redox reactions: 3. The electrons lost (during oxidation) must equal the electrons gained (during reduction). Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: 1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the reaction. Cr2O72- + C2O42- ? Cr3+ + CO2  Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: 1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the reaction. Cr2O72- + C2O42- ? Cr3+ + CO2  Oxygen, in a compound or ion, is -2 Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: 1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the reaction. Cr2O72- + C2O42- ? Cr3+ + CO2  Use the combined ‘charges’ of the oxygens in each ion or compound to determine the oxidation number of Cr or C. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: 1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the reaction. Cr2O72- + C2O42- ? Cr3+ + CO2  -14 -8 -4 Use the combined ‘charges’ of the oxygens in each ion or compound to determine the oxidation number of Cr or C. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: 1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the reaction. Cr2O72- + C2O42- ? Cr3+ + CO2  -14 -8 -4 The sum of the oxidation numbers of the other element must add up to the charge on the ion or molecule. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: 1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the reaction. Cr2O72- + C2O42- ? Cr3+ + CO2