Definition of Map Terms Thai Fling Club地图上的泰国飞行俱乐部的定义.ppt

Definition of Map Terms Map Scale = Chart Length / Earth Length Small Scale Big Area Less Detail 1:1,000,000 Large Scale Small Area More Detail 1:250,000 Great-Circle Distance: the shortest distance between two points on the curved surface of the earth lies along the great circle passing through these points Rhum Line : is a line crossing all meridians at a constant angle. This is the line which an aircraft tends to follow when steered by a compass It is a greater distance than the great-circle route between the same two points Advantages to fly a Rhumb Line course instead of great circle In low latitude, a R/L closely approximates a great circle Over short distances, a R/L and G.C. nearly coincide A R/L between points on or near the same meridian of longitude approximates a great circle Definition of Map Terms Conformality (correct representation of angles) : To be conformal, a chart must have uniform scale around any points, though not necessarily a uniform scale over the entire map. 2. Meridians and Parallels must intersect at right angle Mercator and Lambert are conformal Developed and Undeveloped Surface The surface of sphere or spheroid is said to be undevelopable because no part of it may be spread out flat without distortion A plane, cylinder or cone which can be easily flattened, is called developable surface . Projection on these surface are termed Conical, Cylindrical, and Azimuthal Projection Point of Tangency Names of Charts are different due to point of tangency such as a plane of projection tangent. Tangent at the Equator, called Equatorial Proj Tangent at the Poles, called Polar Proj Tangent at other places, called Oblique Proj Point of Tangency ????????????????? Projection The method of representing all or part of the surface of a sphere or spheroid on a plane surface is called a map or chart project. Projection Azimuthal Projection Polar Tangency 3 names Polar Azimuthal Gnomonic Proj Polar Azimuthal Stergographic Proj Polar Azimuthal Orthograp