_Rhythms Sleep and Dreaming昼夜节律睡眠和做梦课件.ppt

Shift Work…How can we reduce the impact/effects of shift work? Monk and Folkard (1983) identified two major types of shift work: (a) Rapidly rotating shifts: One/two shifts max then they move to different time. (b) Slow rotating shifts: Rotate shifts on a weekly/monthly basis. Q: Which is the lesser of two evils?? A: Rapidly rotating….at least they allow the worker to maintain a fairly constant circadian rhythm. Shift Work…How can we reduce the impact/effects of shift work? Rapid rotation means your rhythms are constantly disrupted. Research has shown that it is possible to reset the internal clock by using bright lights as a substitute for sunlight. What will this reset? Dawson and Campbell (1991) exposed workers to a 4 hr pulse of very bright light. This appeared to work! Shift Work…How can we reduce the impact/effects of shift work? Phase delay might also be more beneficial.. Early Late Late Early Evidence: Czeisler et al (1982) tested phase delay. Workers in a chemical plant in Utah found phase delay made them feel better. The management also reported increased productivity and fewer errors. It is better to rotate with the clock than against it. Jet Lag….The Facts. Jet Lag does not occur form North-South and vice versa!! Jet Lag only occurs when flying from East-West or from West to East. in other words when we change time zones. Example You fly from Scotland –Boston (USA). You leave at 11am arrive 5pm British time actually it is 12pm in Boston...by 8pm Boston time you’ll be tired as it is 1am to you normally!! Jet Lag….The Facts. Klein et al (1972) found that adjustment was faster for westbound flights (going to states) than eastbound ones regardless of whether you were travelling home or going away. Eastbound = re-adjustment took 1 day per time zone crossed, therefore how long would it take to recover from a flight to Britain from Boston Jet Lag…. Its easier to adapt to jet lag when flying in a westerly direction because