Models, Truth, and Realism模式、真理、实在论.doc

Models, Truth, and Realism Taylor, Barry, University of Melbourne Abstract: This book mounts an argument against one of the fundamental tenets of much contemporary philosophy, the idea that we can make sense of reality as existing objectively, independently of our capacities to come to know it. Part One argues that traditional realism can be explicated as a doctrine about truth — that truth is objective, that is, public, bivalent, and epistemically independent. Part Two argues that a form of Hilary Putnam’s model-theoretic argument demonstrates that no such notion of truth can be founded on the idea of correspondence, as explained in model-theoretic terms. Part Three argues that non-correspondence accounts of truth-truth as superassertibility or idealized rational acceptability, formal conceptions of truth, and Tarskian truth also fail to meet the criteria for objectivity. Along the way, it also dismisses the claims of the latter-day views of Putnam, and of similar views articulated by John McDowell, to constitute a new, less traditional, form of realism. The Coda bolsters some of the considerations advanced in Part Three in evaluating formal conceptions of truth, by assessing and rejecting the claims of Robert Brandom to have combined such an account of truth with a satisfactory account of semantic structure. The book concludes that there is no defensible notion of truth that preserves the theses of traditional realism, nor any extant position sufficiently true to the ideals of that doctrine to inherit its title. So the only question remaining is which form of antirealism to adopt. Contents Overview: The Argument of this Book 1 Part I The Explication of Realism 11 1 Realism and Objective Truth 13 2 Realism Explicated 32 Part II Model Theory and Correspondence 48 3 Putnams Model-Theoretic Arguments 49 4 Changing the Rules 85 5 The Status of Natural Properties 101 Part III Realism without Correspondence? 125 6 Taking the Hierarchy Seriously 125 7 Formal Theories of T