性别和年龄社会分层课件_2.pptVIP

Family Inequality Families transmitting inequality Class Inequality within families Gender Unequal access to families Race/ethnicity/nationality Families resisting inequality Inequality within families Gender division of labor Male authority Child gender bias Age hierarchy GENDER Unequal access to families Economics and demography Demography Shortage of ‘marriageable’ Black men Surplus of Chinese men Health inequality Infertility (e.g., work related) Disability, AIDS orphans Labor separations Migrant workers, child laborers Or, nannies for the rich Unequal access to families Legal and social restrictions State policy Gay marriage Imprisonment Population control Social norms Pierre Bourdieu Families resisting inequality Family support systems Social support Married people live longer Social networks Job leads, shared care Family forms Household extension Within limits Can’t overcome structural inequality Families transmitting inequality Families transmitting inequality Wealth and income Skills and knowledge Contacts and connections Norms and behaviors Wealth and income Wealth and income Inheritance A few inherit significant wealth Educational support Tuition, prep courses, intervention Health care Transfers Down payments, gifts Kids learn what parents know Specific skills, general knowledge Some genetic inheritance of IQ 2% of intergenerational correlation of income (Bowles, Gintes Osborne 2005) Gene * environment interaction E.g., South Africa under apartheid * * Migrant worker in Thailand RACE/ETH/NATION Or other cultural stigma Skills and knowledge Skills and knowledge Contacts and connections Contacts and connections Parental status Education Network resources Child status Norms and behaviors Actively fostering skills CONCERTED CULTIVATION Allowing children to grow ACCOMPLISHMENT OF NATURAL GROWTH Many adult-led events Hanging out with kin and friends Children encouraged to question adults Or not Institutional intervention Powerlessness and frustration Rhythms