精品课件化疗相关性呕吐治疗进展.ppt

* 根据药物作用的手提，可以将 * During the acute, delayed, and overall time intervals, significantly more patients treated with palonosetron 0.25 mg achieved a CR compared with those treated with ondansetron (p0.025; 97.5% CI of the difference does not include zero). During these time intervals, CR rates were numerically higher, but not statistically different, for palonosetron 0.75 mg compared with ondansetron. 1. Gralla R et al. Palonosetron improves prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting following moderately emetogenic chemotherapy: results of a double-blind randomized phase III trial comparing single doses of palonosetron with ondansetron. Ann Oncol. 2003;14:1570-1577. * 有效性结果：试验药盐酸帕洛诺司琼注射液对强烈化疗引起的急性呕吐（0~24h）完全缓解率(CRR)与对照药盐酸格拉司琼注射液相比差异无显著性(85.59%对比78.57%，P＝0.1420)；但前者对化疗引起的延迟性呕吐(24小时~7天)完全控制率(CCR)明显高于对照组(63.96%对比50.00%，P=0.0282)，化疗后未出现呕吐(0~7天)的受试者比例也明显高于对照组(分别为62.16%和46.43%，P=0.0140)。同时，帕洛诺司琼注射液控制化疗引起的恶心的作用优于格拉司琼(P=0.0198)；化疗后人均呕吐发作次数也明显少于格拉司琼(1.76±4.27次/人与3.08±6.20次/人，P=0.0289)。帕洛诺司琼注射液对化疗后呕吐控制时间明显长于格拉司琼(P=0.0377)。两组需要解救治疗的受试者比例(19.82%和30.36%，P＝0.0891)，以及两组受试者人均解救治疗次数(0.38±0.92次/人和0.54±1.04次/人，P＝0.0907)均以试验组较少，但未达到明显的统计学差异。两组解救治疗的时间及治疗后KPS评分下降程度差异亦无明显的统计学意义。 * * References Cocquyt V, Van Belle S, Reinhardt RR et al. Comparison of L-758,298, a prodrug for the selective neurokinin-1 antagonist, L-754,030, with ondansetron for the prevention of cisplatin-induced emesis. Eur J Cancer 2001;37:835–842. Van Belle S, Lichinitser MR, Navari RM et al. Prevention of cisplatin-induced acute and delayed emesis by the selective neurokinin-1 antagonists, L-758,298 and MK-869. Cancer 2002;94:3032–3041. Navari RM, Reinhardt RR, Gralla RJ et al. Reduction of cisplatin-induced emesis by a selective neurokinin-1–receptor antagonist. N Engl J Med 1999;340:190–195. Campos D, Pereira JR, Reinhardt RR et al. Prevention of cisplatin-induced emesis by the oral neurokinin-1 antagonist, MK-869, in combination with granisetron and dexamethasone or with dexamethasone alone. J Clin Oncol