5MRI基本脉冲序列与MR图对比度分辨率信噪比.ppt

\Results\1\ComputeEffi_Real.txt, \Results\1\ComputeEffi_Real2.txt, \Results\1\ComputeEffi_Real3.txt * \Results\1\ComputeEffi_Real.txt, \Results\1\ComputeEffi_Real2.txt, \Results\1\ComputeEffi_Real3.txt * \Results\1\ComputeEffi_Real.txt, \Results\1\ComputeEffi_Real2.txt, \Results\1\ComputeEffi_Real3.txt * \Results\1\ComputeEffi_Real.txt, \Results\1\ComputeEffi_Real2.txt, \Results\1\ComputeEffi_Real3.txt * ky kx FT-1 复数 k 空间特点 k空间实际上是频率空间 K空间位置与信号的空间位置没有直接的对应关系； k 空间内每个数据点都对图像有贡献 k空间中心 空间编码与空间分辨力 视野Field of View， FOV 空间分辨力与 (FOV)和扫描矩阵的关系： ?x = FOVx / Nx ?y = FOVy / Ny FOVx FOVy FOVx FOVy =240mm， Nx = Ny 256，求?x， ?y ky kx IDFT k space sampling and image Data space (analog), k space (digital) image y x FOV中央，B0 FOV右边，大于 B0 FOV左边，小于B0 ?x=?Bx=?Gxx fmax=?GxFOVx/2 or BW=?GxFOVx BandWidth BW=2 fmax FOV=BW/?G=1/?G?Ts 1/FOV=?G?Ts， ?Ts :dwell time X方向： 1/FOVx=?Gx?tx BW=?GxFOVx 定义?Gx?tx为 ?kx ?kx =?Gx?tx=1/FOVx ?kx?x=1/Nx ?ky =?Gy?ty=1/FOVy 1/FOVx=?Gx?tx 降低 FOV 的方法: Stronger gradient Lower BW FOV=BW/?G ?kx =?Gx?tx=1/FOVx Noise， SNR 信噪比Signal-to-Noise Ratio SNR SNR信号水平与噪声标准差的比值 分辨率高，每个像素或体素越小，SNR下降 带宽越高，noise越高，SNR下降 采用多次采集平均可以提高SNR ，但是代价是采集变慢 图像后处理去噪 Two Bandwidth？ The receiver (or acquisition) bandwidth (rBW) is the range of frequencies accepted by the receiver to sample the MR signal. The receiver bandwidth is changeable and has a direct relationship to the signal to noise ratio (SNR) SNR = 1/squareroot (rBW) rBW=?GxFOVx rBW=1/?Ts (dwell time) Sometimes: rBW is defined by BW = Sampling Rate/Number of Samples (the bandwidth per pixel) Receiver Bandwidth A smaller bandwidth improves SNR, but can cause spatial distortions, also increases the chemical shift. A larger bandwidth reduces SNR (more noise from the outskirts of the spectrum), but allows faster imaging. Transmit Bandwidth The transmit bandwidth refers to the RF excitation pulse required for slice selection