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2018-06-22 发布于福建
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中学生论文冥冥之中有定数.docx

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中学生论文冥冥之中有定数

冥冥之中自有定数——浅谈概率与数学期望江苏省大丰高级中学关键字：计数，求和，概率，期望，指示器随机变量摘要：概率和期望是近年来信息学竞赛中比较常见的一类题型，这类题目一般来说数学性很强，需要有一定的数学基础和推导能力，耐心和细心是这类题目必不可少的条件。本文将就概率和期望的一类题型作简要的分析，概括出一些基础的模型供读者参考。目录摘要·········································································1卷首语·······································································3Chapter 1 基础知识1.1 计数简介·······························································3加法原理：分类计数·······················································3乘法原理：分步计数·······················································31.2 常用的求和公式·························································3平方，立方和：························································3几何级数：····························································3调和级数：····························································31.3概率的一些性质和计算方法···············································41.4概率的分布·····························································4几何分布·····························································4二项分布·····························································5超几何分布·····························································5Chapter 2 经典的一些模型2.1 雇佣问题·······························································52.2 集卡片问题·····························································6 (1) 确定卡片··························································6(2) 集齐卡片··························································72.3 生日悖论······························································8概率分析······························································8期望分析······························································8Chapter 3 实战演练····························································83.1 随机变量指示器的应用··················································9逆序对·····························································9帽子保管····························································9染色问题····························································9排队问题·······························