消化功能调节药及药物引起的消化道不良反应课件.pptVIP

Drugs for treatment of diarrhea (治疗腹泻的药物) Antimotility drugs: agonists for ? receptors in GI tract opium preparations 阿片制剂：用于较严重的非细菌感染性腹泻（CNS effects at larger doses) Astringents （收敛药） tannalbin 鞣酸蛋白：分解产生的鞣酸可使肠粘膜表面蛋白凝固、沉淀而减轻刺激减少分泌 bismuch subsalicylate; bismuch subcarbonate (铋制剂) Absorbants （吸附药）：吸附肠道内气体、有毒物质，起止泻、阻止毒物吸收作用。 medical charchol 药用炭（活性炭） agysical 矽炭银 Laxatives （泻药） Contact (stimulant) laxatives 接触性(刺激性)泻药 phenolphthalein 酚酞：刺激肠壁并抑制水分吸收 bisacodyl 比沙可啶：与酚酞同类 anthraquinones 蒽醌类（为大黄、番泻叶等中药成分） Osmotic laxatives渗透性泻药，增加肠容积而促进肠道推进型蠕动 magnesium sulfate 硫酸镁; sodium sulfate 硫酸钠； lactulose 乳果糖; sorbitol 山梨醇; glycerol 甘油（开塞露） celluloses 纤维素类 Faecal softners (emollients)润滑性泻药 liquid paraffin 液体石蜡 药物引起的消化道不良反应 Acetaminophen (对乙酰氨基酚) Drugs used for acid-peptic disorders (抗消化性溃疡药) Drugs used for acid-peptic disorders (抗消化性溃疡药) Mucosal protective drugs 黏膜保护药 Antacids 抗酸药(Weak basic substances ) Drugs affecting gastric acid secretion 抑制胃酸分泌药 H2 receptor antagonists H+-K+ · ATPase inhibitors (proton pump inhibitors) Muscarinic receptor antagonists Gastrin receptor antagonists Antimicrobial drugs (Helicobacter pylori) 抗菌药 Mucosal protective drugs 黏膜保护药 Antacids抗酸药 Drugs affecting gastric acid secretion 抑制胃酸分泌药 H2 receptor antagonists H+-K+ · ATPase inhibitors (proton pump inhibitors) Muscarinic receptor antagonists Gastrin receptor antagonists Antimicrobial drugs (Helicobacter pylori) 抗菌药 1. Pharmacological effects Inhibiting gastric acid secretion by various stimuli抑制胃酸分泌 (histamine, gastrin, aspirin, ethanol, stress) Inhibiting H. pylori 抗幽门螺杆菌 2. Clinical uses Duodenal and gastric ulcer: relieving symptoms, promoting healing of ulcers, used with antimicrobial regimens to eradicate H. pylori Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) Zollinger-ellison syndrome 3. Adverse effects Side effects: nausea, headache, diarrhea, const