项目管理 Defining the Project.pptVIP

Chapter Four: Defining the Project 4.1: Summarize综述 This chapter describes a disciplined, structured method for selectively collecting information to use through all phases of the project life cycle, to meet the needs of all stakeholders (e.g., customer, project manager), and to measure performance against the strategic plan of the organization. The method suggested is a selective outline of the project called the work breakdown structure. (99-2-1) The early stages of developing the outline serve to ensure that all tasks are identified and that participants of the project have an understanding of what is to be done. Once the outline and its detail are defined, an integrated information system can be developed to schedule work and allocate budgets.(99-2-5)在早期阶段建立工作分解结构的作用是保证所有任务得到识别，使项目的参与者明了所要做的事情。一旦工作分解结构及其细节被定义，则可以建立整合的信息系统来安排工作和分配预算。 Five steps: Defining the project scope Establishing project priorities Creating the work breakdown structure Integrating the WBS with the organization Coding the WBS for the information system Step 1: Defining the Project Scope Defining the project scope sets the stage for developing a project plan.(100-2-1) 定义项目范围建立了制定项目计划的平台。 Project scope is a definition of end result or mission of your project-a product or service for your client/customer.(100-2-1) Research clearly shows that a poorly defined scope or mission is the most frequently mentioned barrier to project success.(100-3-1) 有研究结果明确显示，项目范围或使命定义不当是项目成功最常见的障碍。 Your project scope definition is a document that will be published and used by the project owner and project participants for planning and measuring project success. Scope describes what you expect to deliver to your customer when the project is complete. Your project scope should define the results to be achieved in specific, tangible, and measurable terms.(100-5-1) 项目范围定义是一个要发布的文件，项目业主和项目参与者用它来计划和度量项目的成功程度。项目范围描述了你期望项目结束时用什么成果来交付给你的客户。你的项目范围以确定、切实和可度量的形式来定义要达成的成果。 Project Scope Checklist: (100-7-1) Project ob