人教版高中英语选修八第8讲unit4ygmalion语法篇.docxVIP

第8讲Pygmalion 语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握动词过去分词作状语的用法；2.能够熟练运用非谓语中过去分词作状语。过去分词作状语:1. 过去分词修饰谓语动词作状语，常用来进一步说明谓语动词的动作发生时的背景或状况，其主语是过去分词之动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的，所以过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。如：Filled with extraordinary strength, he raised himself. 他使出全身的力气站了起来。（filled with extraordinary strength表示主语“he”当时所处的状态）[来源:学科网]Surrounded by a group of young people, the old man felt happy. 身边围着一群年轻人，老人感到很高兴。（surrounded指主语“the old man”是该动作的承受者） 比较：The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs. 训练员出现了，后面跟着六条小狗。（过去分词“followed”表示主语是该动作的承受者，即“the trainer”被“six little dogs”跟着）The trainer appeared, following six little dogs. 训练员跟在六条小狗的后面出现了。（现在分词“following”表示主语是该动作的执行者，即“the trainer”跟着“six little dogs”）2. 现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.As I didn’t receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.(条件)Walking along the street, I ran across my old friend.Bitten by a snake, he was taken to hospital. (原因)Though defeated, he didn’t lose heart.(让步)He lay on the grass, looking into the sky.(伴随)He came running to tell me the good news.(方式)注意：1. 选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出，分词就用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。试比较：(Being) Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。Using the book, I find it useful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。2. 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致，如果不一致，就用独立主格结构，即在分词前加上它的逻辑主语。现在分词的完成式主要用于作状语，一般不用作定语。(2015重庆高考) ________ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.Beingraised B. RaisingC. RaisedD. To raiseIf ________ for the job, you will be informed soon.to accept B. acceptC. acceptingD. Accepted________ in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.A. To absorb B. To be absorbedC. AbsorbedD. Absorbing(2014天津高考) Clearly and thoughtfully____