人教版高中英必修二第10讲Unit5Music语法篇.docVIP

Unit5 Music-语法篇 __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 通过本节课的学习掌握 定语从句（由“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句） 一．关系代词的选择 当关系代词在定语从句中充当介词的宾语时，我们可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。如果先行词为人时，用“介词+whom”；如果先行词为物时，用“介词+which”。Who与that不能用此结构，但介词后置时可以使用，如果作宾语也可以省略。 The ladder on which I was standing began to slip.我脚下的梯子开始向下滑动。 The reason for which he didn’t come to school was that his mother was ill. 他没来上学的原因是他的妈妈病了。 二．介词的选择 介词的选择主要从以下几方面考虑： 1. 从先行词跟介词的搭配出发 I’ll never forget the day on which we worked together in the countryside. 我不会忘记我们一起在乡下工作的日子。 (把the day代入从句后，加on 才构成完整的句子，即we worked together on the day in the countryside) The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which we could see what was happening inside the house. 这个聪明的孩子在墙上挖了一个洞，透过它我们可以看到屋里发生的事情。(through which即through the hole) 2. 从定语从句中动词、形容词等对介词的搭配要求出发 Do you know the girl _____ whom the man talked just now? 你认识那个男人刚谈到的女孩吗？(talk后用to, with还是about，则根据先行词、定语从句中的动词talk考虑，此处用with或to比较好） 3. 含有介词的动词短语不能拆开，则不能转化成“介词+关系代词”结构，介词仍然放在动词的后面。常见的这类动词有listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of, look into, break into, get rid of, take part in, make use of, take/catch hold of, catch up with, get along with, look forward to… The babies whom the nurses are taking care of are very healthy.护士照顾的那些婴儿们都很健康。 4. 也有些介词不是和谓语动词构成短语关系，而是根据句子的逻辑需要填入的。 For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our future, of which New York is an example. 对世界上的许多城市来说，没有足够的空间拓展未来，纽约就是其中的一个例子。 Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, without which there won’t be much work. 这儿的村民们依赖捕鱼行业，没有这个行业他们就没有什么活干。The reason for which(=why)he was late isn’t clear. Beijing is the city in which(=where)he lived for many years. 四．“介词+关系代词”的特殊用法 “the+名词+关系代词”引导定语从句时，有时可用“whose+名词”或“of+关系代词+the+名词”替换。 I lived in the room, the window of which (=of which the window =whose window)face south.我住的房间窗户朝南。 关于定语从句的注意点： 1. “介词+关系代词”后接不定式短语作后置