外文文献Highlevel progamming language Java Collections of Objects高级编程语言 Java之集合与对象.docVIP

毕业设计 外文文献原文及译文 High-level programming language Java Collections of Objects 高级编程语言 Java之集合与对象 学生姓名： 学号： 系 别： 专 业： 指导教师： 2015年 5 月 High-level programming language Java Collections of Objects It’s a fairly simple program that has only a fixed quantity of objects with known lifetimes. In general, your programs will always be creating new objects based on some criteria that will be known only at the time the program is running. You won’t know until runtime the quantity or even the exact type of the objects you need. To solve the general programming problem, you need to be able to create any number of objects, anytime, anywhere. So you can’t rely on creating a named reference to hold each one of your objects: MyObject myReference; since you’ll never know how many of these you’ll actually need. Most languages provide some way to solve this rather essential problem. Java has several ways to hold objects (or rather, references to objects). The built-in type is the array, which has been discussed before. Also, the Java utilities library has a reasonably complete set of container classes (also known as collection classes, but because the Java 2 libraries use the name Collection to refer to a particular subset of the library, I shall also use the more inclusive term “container”). Containers provide sophisticated ways to hold and even manipulate your objects. Arrays Holding objects is the focus of this chapter, and an array is just one way to hold objects. But there are a number of other ways to hold objects, so what makes an array special? There are two issues that distinguish arrays from other types of containers: efficiency and type. The array is the most efficient way that Java provides to store and randomly access a sequence of object references. The array is a simple linear sequence, which makes element access fast, but you pay for this speed: when yo