【国家级精品课程】华中科技大学-《人体寄生虫学》-Nematodes (I).ppt

Nematodes (线 虫) Content: I. Introduction II. Ascaris lumbricoides（蛔虫） III. Trichuris trichiura（鞭虫） IV. Enterobius vermicularis（蛲虫） V. Hookworms（钩虫) VI. Trichinella spiralis（旋毛虫） VII. Filariar（丝虫）  I. Introduction to Nematode 1. Morphology of nematodes 1) General morphology (1) Tubular in shape and bilaterally symmetrical (2) With a complete digestive canal (3) Adult worm separated in male and female 2) Body wall The body wall of nematodes is covered: Cuticle （角皮层） Hypodermis （皮下层） Musculature （肌层） 2) Pseudocoelom (false body cavity: a cavity between the body wall and digestive canal, a membrane around digestive canal is abscent 3) Digestive system It is complete with mouth, esophagus, intestine and anus 4) Reproductive system Most nematodes are separated in male and female (2) Female Reproductive System? Most females usually have two ovaries,oviducts and uterus.. ovary—oviduct —uterus.. vagina-vulva ovary—oviduct —uterus.. （阴道） (阴门） （卵巢） （输卵管） （子宫） 5) Reproductive mode Oviparous (卵生) Ovoviviparous (卵胎生） 2. Life cycle The four juvenile stages and ecdysis (molting of cuticle 蜕皮）. ecdysis Eggs Larvae(4 stages) adults (male femal) Kinds of life cycle in nematodes Direct life cycle: in which the parasite is passed from host to the next through the contaminated food or water. Intermediate host is not necessary to these parasites Ascaris lumbricoides Trichuris trichiura Enterobius vermicularis Hookworms 2) Indirect life cycle: intermediate host is necessary in this style of life cycle Trichinella spiralis Filaria 3. Pathology 1)Larvae： ( 1) dermatitis caused by cutaneous invasion and subcutaneous migration of larva; ( 2) injury to