A new accelerator for advanced research and for cancer therapy肿瘤治疗的先进的研究和新的加速器.pptVIP

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A new accelerator for advanced research and for cancer therapy肿瘤治疗的先进的研究和新的加速器.ppt

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A new accelerator for advanced research and for cancer therapy肿瘤治疗的先进的研究和新的加速器

A new accelerator for advanced researchandcancer therapy Ken Peach John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science University of Oxford and Royal Holloway University of London Princeton 11th October 2007 Outline Introduction (Accelerators Particle Physics) The Neutrino Factory (Why? The Muon Acceleration Challenge) The ns-FFAG Accelerator (non-scaling Fixed-Field Alternating Gradient) EMMA Charged Particle Therapy (CPT) (proton and light-ion cancer treatment) PAMELA Summary Introduction There are more than 17,000 particle accelerators ( a few MeV) worldwide Most are used in medicine Linacs, cyclotrons, some synchrotrons… Next most common in industry Ion implantation etc Synchrotron Radiation Sources Mostly synchrotrons, coming soon - linacs Neutron and radionuclide sources Linacs, cyclotrons, synchrotrons, something weird and For particle physics! A few big synchrotrons ( colliders) Often with Linacs at the front end And coming soon (maybe) the ILC Classical Accelerator Types The Bleeding Edge? Medical accelerators Mainly linacs and cyclotrons Research accelerators Mainly synchrotrons Particle Physics applications Better synchrotrons (LHC) Better linacs (ILC) Why do we need anything new? Because life presents new challenges! The Standard Model The Parameters 6 quark masses mu , mc, mt md, ms, mb 3 lepton masses me, mm, mt 2 vector boson masses Mw, MZ (mg, mg=0) 1 Higgs mass Mh 3 coupling constants GF, a, as 3 quark mixing angles q12, q23, q13 1 quark phase d Neutrino Factory The “ultimate” neutrino facility The Standard Model The Parameters 6 quark masses mu , mc, mt md, ms, mb 3 lepton masses me, mm, mt 2 vector boson masses Mw, MZ (mg, mg=0) 1 Higgs mass Mh 3 coupling constants GF, a, as 3 quark mixing angles q12, q23, q13 1 quark phase d Neutrino Mixing Why is it hard to measure the parameters? (Richter: hep-ph/0008222) What to Measure? Neutrinos ne disappearance ne ? nm appearance ne ? nt appearance nm disappearance nm ? ne appearance nm ? nt