二阶控制系英汉双语.docx

PartⅡ Control Theory2.2 Second-Order SystemsFrom the frequency-domain viewpoint,system order refers to the highest power of s in the denominator of the closed-loop transfer function of a system.In the time-domain, system order refers to the highest derivative of the controlled quantity in the equation describing the control systems dynamics.System order is very significant parameter for characterizing a system.在频域里，系统的阶次指的是系统的闭环传递函数分母s的最高次。在时域里，系统的阶次指的是描述控制系统动力学方程的最高阶导数。系统的阶次是一个非常重要的参数对于描述一个系统的特征。Second-order systems are very important to the control-system engineering.This type of system characterizes the dynamics of many control-system applications found in the fields of servomechanisms, space-vehicle control, chemical process control, bioengineering; aircraft control systems,hip controls,etc.It is interesting to note that most control system designs are based on second order system analysis.Even if the system is of higher order,as it usually is,the systems may be approximated by a second-order system in order to obtain a first approximation for preliminary design purposes with reasonable accuracy.A more exact solution can then be obtained in terms of departures from the performance of a second-order system.二阶系统是一个非常重要的控制系统。这种系统描述了很多控制系统应用的动力学在一些自动控制，空间飞行器控制，化工过程控制，飞船控制，生物工程，飞行控制系统，飞船控制等方面。要注意的是大多数控制系统的设计都是基于二阶系统的分析。尽管平时常见的更高阶的系统，可能会近似的看做二阶的系统为了获得近似值在初步的设计带有合理的准确性。一个更高的准确性结果可以被获得依据脱离二阶系统性能。Our choice of a system to study is the use of a DC electric motor to position an inertial load through a gearbox. Such a system is very common and illustrates the combination of electrical and mechanical theory using a common mathematical description, the Laplace transform. The system is shown in schematic form in Fig.2.13. In operation, the set point is generated by means of a potentiometer. The angular position of the potentiometer generates a proportional bipolar voltage according to the potentiometer’s transfer function, in volts per radian. This voltage is compared to th