英语专业院校的原版课件--英语教学论Unit10TeachingSpeaking.pptVIP

Unit 10Teaching Speaking The nature of communication The goal of language teaching is now commonly accepted as the cultivation of communicative competence. And communication in its first place is oral communication. For communication to take place, there must be both sides involved, the speaker and the listener. Characteristics of spoken communication Sentences tend to be simple. There are more incomplete sentences, or fragments Language is informal, and vocabulary tends to be simple. There may be broken grammar, false starts, hesitation and fillers. There is more repetition and redundancy. Language tends to be unplanned. There is low density of information. Communication is text dependent. There is turn-taking between two speakers. The speakers are interdependent and mutually supportive. There is need to communicate. The focus is on meaning. There is little error correction. There is nonverbal response. The content is not specified in advance. Factors affecting speaking linguistic competence vocabulary communicative strategies: paraphrasing, avoiding, code-switching, negotiating, gesturing pronunciation and intonation error correction interactive pattern Characteristics of successful speaking tasks 1.maximum foreign talk 2. even participation 3. high motivation 4 right language level Content of oral instruction standard pronunciation vocabulary and structures formulas and chunks to apply in real communication functions: greeting, apologizing, complaining, inviting, requiring, giving suggestions, making proposals, inquiring information, directing ways and so on. communication skills Approaches to oral instruction The most commonly used approaches are the 3P approach and task-based approach. Presentation Practice Production It reflects the process principle of language teaching. Classroom instruction presentation: What to present: grammar, formulas, sentence structure, functions, conversational techniques Objectiv