周四泡泡堂.docVIP

由于词汇方面的原因而引起的加词现象：1． 加动词由于英语是一门“静止”的语言，在所有的词汇当中，用名词的居多；而相比较而言，汉语则无此限制，不管有多少动词都可以并排使用。因此，许多英语的名词翻译成汉语时都要加上一些动词，否则，意思则很不完整，例如：a.But by 1981 he had to have further surgery on his hand. And a month later, he suffered as stroke.（ 到了1981年，他的手不得不又做了一次手术。一个月以后，他又中风了。）b. His speech in at the meeting turned out exert an stimulating effect on the mind of the people present that day. (他那天在会上所做的报告使所有在场的人深受鼓舞。)c.He maintain that only hard work and unswerving perseverance can lead to improved performance. (他坚持认为，只有通过勤奋工作加上不懈的努力才会取得好的成绩。)d. The lives claimed by shoddy construction projects should be enough to put governments at all levels on the alert.（ 伪劣建筑夺取了很多人的生命，这一点足以使我们的各级部门提高警惕。）e. Efforts must be made to improve service for more than 1 million domestic and overseas tourists.(为了一百万的国内外旅客的利益，我们一定为改善服务质量而进行努力。)f. You ought to know better than to gomming straight after a meal.(你不应该一吃过饭，马上就去游泳，这是很不明智的。)2. 加名词：在汉语中，及物和不及物动词的区别不是很明显，有时所谓及物动词后面的宾语如果上下文中能够看的出，往往可以省略不说；而英语则不然。由于英语对及物动词和不及物动词的区别很明显，因此翻译成汉语时则很麻烦。特别是一些不及物动词必须带上它后面的宾语句子意思才能显得完整。因此，我们在翻译时往往就需要增补。a. Make a schedule or chart of you time and fill in committed time such as eating, playing , meetings , classes, etc.（作一个时间表，然后，将吃饭、睡觉、开会、上课等等的时间填上。）b. It was two hours before the old couple mustered up enough courage to get up and called thepolice and they explained that they’d done that after much deliberation.（直到两个小时以后，那对老夫妻才有勇气敢从床上爬起来给警察打电话，并解释说那也是经过仔细考虑才敢作的。）c.这见事据说是一个组织严密团伙干的。（The operation is believed to be the work of a well-organized organized group.）d. 我是为友谊和求学而来。（I came here in the spirit of friendship and learning。）有时形容词前面也可以加上名词：e.His wife thinks that this furniture is too expensive and, moreover looks very ugly.（他妻子认为，这件家具价格昂贵而且外表难看。）f. I thus appeared to them to be quite familiar with this sort of situation and it confirmed them in their belief that I was a thoroughly disreputable character.（然后，我继续装着对这种事情很内行的样子，结果更使他们认定我是一个名声很坏的人。）有时，一些名词或者数量词的复数形式翻译成汉语后前面也要加词表示重叠：g. Thousands of s