数学专业英(吴炯圻).docVIP

2.1 数学、方程与比例 1－A What is mathematics 1－B Equation 2.2 几何与三角 2－A Why study geometry? 2－B Some geometrical terms 2.3 集合论的基本概念 3－A Notations for denoting sets 3－B Subsets 子集 2.4 整数、有理数与实数 Integers, Rational Numbers and Real Numbers 4－A Integers and rational numbers整数和有理数 4－B Geometric interpretation of real numbers as points on a line在直线上描点的方式表示实数的几何意义 2.5 basic concepts of Cartesian geometry解析几何的基本概念 5-A the coordinate system of Cartesian geometry解析几何的坐标系 5-B Geometric figure几何图形 2.6 function concept and function idea函数的概念与函数思想 6-C The concept of function 2.7 Sequences and Their Limits序列及其极限 7-A The definition of sequences 7-B The limit of a sequence 8-A 函数的导数 2.9 微分方程简介differential equations 2.10 线性空间中的相关与无关集 Dependent and Independent Sets in a Linear Space 2.11 数理逻辑入门 Elementary Mathematical Logic 11-A Predicates 11-B Quantifiers 2.12 概率论与数理统计 Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics New Words Expressions: algebra 代数学 geometrical 几何的 algebraic 代数的 identity 恒等式 arithmetic 算术, 算术的 measure 测量，测度 axiom 公理 numerical 数值的, 数字的 conception 概念，观点 operation 运算 constant 常数 postulate 公设 logical deduction 逻辑推理 proposition 命题 division 除，除法 subtraction 减，减法 formula 公式 term 项，术语 trigonometry 三角学 variable 变化的，变量 2.1 数学、方程与比例 Mathematics, Equation and Ratio 1－A What is mathematics 4 Mathematics comes from man’s social practice, for example, industrial and agricultural production, commercial activities, military operations and scientific and technological researches. 数学来源于人类的社会实践，比如工农业生产，商业活动， 军事行动和科学技术研究。 And in turn, mathematics serves the practice and plays a great role in all fields. No modern scientific and technological branches could be regularly developed without the application of mathematics. 反过来，数学服务于实践，并在各个领域中起着非常重要的作用。 没有应用数学，任何一个现在的科技的分???都不能正常发展。 5 From the early need of man came the concepts of numbers and forms. Then, geometry developed out of problems of measuring land , and trigonometry came from problems of