+专题14+短文改错-2018年高考英语备考中等生百日进提升系列+Word版含解析.docVIP

专题 短文改错 方法与技巧 高考短文改错的错误类型概括起来主要是语法错误、逻辑错误和搭配等方面的错误。 Ⅰ.语法错误 包括动词、名词、代词、主谓一致、非谓语动词及情态动词等方面的错误。 1.名词:名词错误主要考查名词单复数错误，可数与不可数名词的混用。确定名词单复数有以下几种方法:看修饰语；看主谓语的一致性；可数名词前无单数修饰语一定要用复数；看其他限制。 2.动词:时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象；或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语；需要接 ing形式的接了to，或相反等。对于这一类错误可根据上下文语境或者句子的平行结构确定动词时态。 3.形容词、副词:常在需要形容词的地方用了副词或相反；关系副词where,when,why等的缺失或错用。根据形容词、副词的基本用法或句意确定错误。 4.介词:主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用。 5.主谓一致:主语为单数，动词用了复数；而主语为复数，动词却用了单数形式。再就是就近原则对主语的影响。 6.冠词:主要考查表示特指和泛指时冠词的使用情况。定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节、月份、星期、球类及三餐活动、称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the，或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏掉了the；a,an的混用等。 7.数词:主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用，如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等，基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of，几千thousands of漏掉了s，或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数，如seven hundred，写作seven hundreds。 8.连词:不符合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so)，或相反等等。 [2017·全国卷Ⅰ] 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road. [答案] In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still eighteenth remember how hard ∧first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the the/my instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me but/yet went altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！” “Slow down！”“Turning words Turn left！” I was so nervous tha