Social Responsibilityof the Health Professional社会责任，卫生专业.pptVIP

Post-conflict: Documentation Documentation is also helpful for survivors to find resolution for missing and killed family members. Preventing Conflict Preventing conflict “Public health is based on the assumption that this is not a fatalistic world, that risks can be reduced by identifying and developing interventions that lower the risk and implementing those interventions. The risk of arms, violence, conflict, can be measured and reduced by conscious deliberate acts. The crucial step is to recognize this risk as a public health problem.” – Bill Foege. Preventing conflict: Advocacy Work by Sidel, Levy and others illustrates effect of medical advocacy on policy. PSR (1961) documented the effect of nuclear arms proliferation on health and the environment Won 1985 Nobel Prize with International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War Preventing conflict: Promoting stability Social justice Amount of money spent on arms in importing countries in conflict as well as exporting countries (such as the US) could be diverted to programs promoting stability such as education, economic development, health, etc. Economic development International lending policies (IMF, World Bank) engender instability and conflict. Other issues Alternative to war: Embargoes Background – US (28 countries); UN (9) 34% ‘success’ rate ?? Types of embargoes Trade Arms Communications International criminal prosecution Alternative to war: Embargoes Iraq – Rise in under 5 mortality (56-131), 300,000 excess child deaths Cuba – Neuropathy, GBS, lye poisoning Haiti – Rise in maternal mortality, social destabilization Yugoslavia – TB, decreased immunization Alternative – positive sanctions War for health? Military force accompanying health initiatives Military force to improve conditions for health “Waging war is evil, but sometimes it is the much lesser evil.” – Sheri Fink Discussion Ethics of health professionals in conflict Comparing physicians activities related to conflict E.g t