体液失调1分析.ppt

Learning Objective At the end of this chapter, the learner should know: ? The anatomy and physiology of body fluids and electrolytes ? The common fluid and electrolyte changes, their causes and management ? The common acid base imbalances and their treatment NORMAL DISTRIBUTION OF BODY FLUIDS Total body water 55% - 60% of body weight for a 70 Kg young man is water Females have lower body water (45 –60%) The total body water in neonates is 80%-85%, Total Body Water body wt% Total body water% total 60 100 intracellular 40 67 extracellular 20 33 intravas 5 8 interstitial 15 25 How to differentiate function and non-function interstitial fluids Function: Taking part in modulating the balance of body fluids. How to differentiate function and non-function interstitial fluids Non-function: Fluids in cavity in normal status.Including cerebrospinal , joint, pericardium and abdominal cavity fluids Third Space Definition: Pathophysiologiclly, relatively nonfunctional extra cellular fluid.Mainly for the change of quantity of functional and nonfunctional ECF. Third Space Distribution: exudates in burns; ascites; soft tissue injuries. bowel wall; peritoneum; infected lesions. Attention: not confused with the nonfunctioning components from interstitial fluid. Definition the number of osmotically active particles or ions per unit volume. Unit : milliosmoles per liter （mOsm / L） Pressure leading to the shift of water through semi-permeable membrane Relation between Osmotic pressure and distribution of body fluid Osmotic Pressure： Crystal OP and Colloid OP Plasma Crystal OP : [Na+] contributes to a major portion of OP Relation between Osmotic pressure and distribution of body fluid Plasmatic Colloid OP： Plasma protein contributes a force leading to distribution of ECF Interstitial Crystal OP： Contributes to the shift of extracellular and intracellular water The Regulation of Body Fluid Bal