汉语被动意义的表达方式29.pptVIP

汉语被动意义的表达方式 “为”字结构 “茅屋为秋风所破” “被”字式——不幸语态 “被捕”， “被剥削”，“被压迫”，“被杀” “让”、”给”、”叫”、“挨”、“受”、“遭”、“蒙” 庄家让大水冲跑了。 The crops were washed away by the flood. 这股敌人全给游击队消灭了。 The whole horde of enemy soldiers was wiped out by the guerrillas. 叫你猜对了 You’ve guessed right. “是……的” 表示静态的句子 这些产品是我国制造的。 “……的是” 推荐我的是一位教授。 “……加以/予以”组成倒置的宾语结构 这个问题将在下一章加以讨论。 使用受事主语——大量的“当然被动句” 困难克服了，工作完成了，问题也解决了。 The difficulties have been overcome, the work has been finished and the problem solved. 被动语态的翻译 翻译方法 翻译成汉语的主动句 ?“加以”,?“经过”,?“用……来” 增补泛指性的词语(人们,大家等)作主语 主语译成宾语 翻译成汉语的无主句 翻译成带表语的主动句 “是……的 译成汉语的被动语态 汉语句中有“被”、“遭受”等词 译成“为……所”的结构 译成“把”、“使”和“由”字句 　 翻译成汉语的主动句 ?“加以”,?“经过”,?“用……来” Other?questions?will?be?discussed?briefly. Nuclear?powers?danger?to?health,?safety,?and ?even?life?itself?can?be?summed?up?in?one?word:? radiation. 2.增补泛指性的词语(人们,大家等)作主语 It?is?generally?accepted?that?the?experiences of?the?child?in?his?first?years?largely?determine? his?character?and?later?personality.  It?could?be?argued?that?the?radio?performs?this service?as?well,?but?on?television?everything?is? much?more?living,?much?more?real.  It?is?asserted?that?…?有人主张?…… It?is?believed?that?…?有人认为…… It?is?generally?considered?that?…?大家(一般人)认为 It?is?well?known?that?…?大家知道(众所周知)…… It?will?be?said?…?有人会说…… It?was?told?that?…?有人曾经说……  3.主语译成宾语 By?the?end?of?the?war,?800?people?had?been?saved?by?the?organization,?but?at?a?cost?of?200?Belgian?and?French?lives.  4.翻译成汉语的无主句 Great?efforts?should?be?made?to?inform?young?people? especially?the?dreadful?consequences?of?taking?up?the?habit of smoking.  New?source?of?energy?must?be?found,?and?this?will?take?time…. 5. ?翻译成带表语的主动句 “是……的” The?decision?to?attack?was?not?taken?lightly. 译成汉语的被动语态。 “被”,?“给”,?“遭”,?“挨”,?“为……所”,?“使”,?“由…”,?“受到”等表示。 Early?fires?on?the?earth?were?certainly?caused?by?nature,?not?by?Man. 地球上早期的火肯定是由大自然而不是人类引燃的。 译成“把”、“使”和“由”字句 　 The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire.  Microsoft chairman Bill Gates is inundated